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1 May 1967

Volume 10, Issue 9, pp. 237-260


VISIBLE SIDE‐LIGHT EMISSION PROPERTIES OF A CO2☒N2☒He PLASMA INDUCED BY THE CO2 LASER RADIATION FIELD

R. Anthony Crane and Armand L. Waksberg

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 237 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754927 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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The effect of laser action, in CO2 laser plasmas, on the spontaneous emission in the visible spectral region is studied by means of a phase‐lock technique. The results reveal that direct collisions between molecules in the primary laser cycle and highly excited states have an important influence on the properties of the plasma.

NONLINEAR EFFECTS IN IMAGE FORMATION

Hendrik J. Gerritsen

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 239 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754928 (3 pages) | Cited 20 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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The use of nonlinear effects in image processing is discussed, particularly in connection with holography. A new type of microscope, called a holoscope, is described which permits true three‐dimensional magnification.

CdxHg1−xTe INFRARED PHOTOVOLTAIC DETECTORS

C. Vérié and J. Ayas

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 241 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754929 (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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Using departure from stoichiometry for doping, p‐n junctions were prepared from CdxHg1−xTe alloys with 0.15 < x ≤ 0.28, and their current‐voltage characteristics were measured at 77°K. The spectral study of these photovoltaic detectors operating at 77°K showed responses from 3 μ up to 17.5 μ. Detectivity measurements at the wavelengths of maximum response of these detectors yielded values at 77°K between 1 and 5 × 109 cm‐W−1‐Hz1∕2 in the range 3 to 14 μ. The speed of these detectors was measured to be <50 nsec, which was also confirmed by the observation of mode beats on the continuous output of a low‐power CO2 laser at several frequencies up to 25 MHz.

MILLIMETER WAVE RADIATION FROM INDIUM ANTIMONIDE

T. O. Poehler, J. R. Apel, and A. K. Hochberg

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 244 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754930 (2 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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The emission spectrum of n‐type InSb axially mounted in cylindrical waveguide in both transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields has been studied. The radiation spectrum observed using this new configuration has been found to extend to 102 GHz and to exhibit more uniform spectral characteristics than previously reported. The emission from this axial configuration in a longitudinal magnetic field was unique in that part of the radiation occurred after the electric field pulse had concluded.

HYPERFINE STRUCTURE IN A PARAMAGNETIC 57Fe MÖSSBAUER ABSORBER AT ROOM AND HIGHER TEMPERATURES

L. M. Epstein and A. Wachtel

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 246 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754931 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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An iron phosphor composed mainly of alumina and lithia was prepared with enriched iron‐57. The Mössbauer spectrum showed magnetic hyperfine structure at room temperature and above, indicating a remarkably long relaxation time. Such structure, if observable, usually requires temperatures near 4°K. A tentative assignment of the most intense lines could be made; this was facilitated by the application of an external transverse magnetic field which increased the contribution of the sextet due to atomic spin 3∕2, relative to that due to spin 5∕2.

RARE‐EARTH‐DOPED CdF2 AS A FAR‐INFRARED PHOTOCONDUCTOR

P. Eisenberger and P. S. Pershan

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 248 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754932 (2 pages) | Cited 12 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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Suitably prepared samples of rare‐earth‐doped CdF2 are found to be good photodetectors from the far infrared (20 μ) well into the visible. Preliminary measurements of D* are of the order of 4 × 109 cm (cps)1∕2 W−1 with a response time of the order of 10−6 sec. This represents the first attempt to use an ionic crystal as a far‐infrared photoconductor.

FIELD‐ENHANCED PHOTOEMISSION FROM LARGE‐AREA Ge DIODES AT LOW TEMPERATURES

I. G. Davies and P. R. Thornton

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 249 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754933 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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Experimental observations on FEPE from large‐area Ge diodes at low temperatures (∼90°K) are reported. These data include values of the device quantum efficiency as a function of wavelength and bias. An effect is reported in which photon‐induced changes in emissive current are observed at wavelengths up to 2 μ, i.e. well beyond the absorption edge, with efficiencies 4 × 10−5. Aging characteristics associated with this long wavelength effect are described. A tentative suggestion is made that the effect is due to photon‐induced changes in the surface field leading to changes in field emission.

OBSERVATION OF MISFIT DISLOCATIONS IN GaAs☒Ge HETEROJUNCTIONS

G. O. Krause and E. C. Teague

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 251 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754934 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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Epitaxial heterojunctions have been prepared by chemical vapor deposition of Ge onto (001) GaAs substrates using the hydrogen reduction of GeCl4. Scanning x‐ray microscopy revealed a cross‐grid of dislocation lines at the interface. It is believed that these two sets of misfit dislocations in the interface plane result from a partial accommodation of the lattice mismatch between Ge and GaAs.

COMPETITIVE AND CASCADE COUPLING BETWEEN TRANSITIONS IN THE CW WATER VAPOR LASER

M. A. Pollack, T. J. Bridges, and W. J. Tomlinson

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 253 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754935 (4 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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CW operation on five additional lines between 47 μm and 79 μm has been observed in the water vapor laser. Competitive and cascade coupling have been shown to exist between the nine presently known CW lines. These interconnections are the first reported for the water vapor laser, and may assist in the identification of the unknown lasèr species and energy levels. Lamb dips have been observed on three additional lines, and pressure‐broadened linewidths have been derived from measurements of the dips.

THERMIONIC EMISSION OF ALKALI IONS FROM IMPREGNATED METAL MATRICES

K. K. Chow, H. S. Maddix, and P. Chorney

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 256 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754936 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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Thermionic emission of alkali ions from matrices composed of sintered mixtures of aluminosilicate and metal powders are studied. Results show that the emission characteristics depend on temperature, effective work function and voltage in a similar way as does electron emission. The effective work function for these composite emitters varies between 1.1 and 3.4 eV. Short‐term continuous emission densities up to 4.5 mA∕cm2 have been obtained.

USE OF A LASER DIFFRACTION PATTERN TO STUDY SURFACE SELF‐DIFFUSION OF METALS

H. P. Bonzel and N. A. Gjostein

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 258 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754937 (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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A new method is described for continuously monitoring surface self‐diffusion in an ultrahigh vacuum environment by means of a laser diffraction pattern obtained from a sinusoidal surface profile. The method permits a continuous measurement of the surface self‐diffusion coefficient to be made while simultaneously observing the structure and cleanliness of a surface by low‐energy electron diffraction techniques.
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Erratum: Measurement of Diffused Semiconductor Surface Concentrations by Infrared Plasma Reflection

E. E. Gardner, W. Kappallo, and E. R. Gordon

Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 260 (1967); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1754938 (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 30 November 2004

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