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9 Apr 2012

Volume 100, Issue 15, Articles (15xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 153701 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3700446 (3 pages)

Hsiao-lu D. Lee, Steffen J. Sahl, Matthew D. Lew, and W. E. Moerner
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Low cost and high performance Al nanoparticles for broadband light trapping in Si wafer solar cells

Yinan Zhang, Zi Ouyang, Nicholas Stokes, Baohua Jia, Zhengrong Shi, and Min Gu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 151101 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3703121 (4 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 9 April 2012

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In this paper low cost and earth abundant Al nanoparticles are simulated and compared with noble metal nanoparticles Ag and Au for plasmonic light trapping in Si wafer solar cells. It has been found tailored Al nanoparticles enable broadband light trapping leading to a 28.7% photon absorption enhancement in Si wafers, which is much larger than that induced by Ag or Au. Once combined with the SiNx anti-reflection coating, Al nanoparticles can produce a 42.5% enhancement, which is 4.3% higher than the standard SiNx due to the increased absorption in both the blue and near-infrared regions.
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88.40.jj Silicon solar cells
88.40.hj Efficiency and performance of solar cells

Few-photon-level two-dimensional infrared imaging by coincidence frequency upconversion

Kun Huang, Xiaorong Gu, Haifeng Pan, E Wu, and Heping Zeng

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 151102 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3703610 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 12 April 2012

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We demonstrate few-photon-level infrared imaging at 1040  nm by coincidence frequency upconversion with a high conversion efficiency of 33.5%. By synchronous pulse pumping at 1549 nm, the infrared object image was spectrally upconverted into the visible regime. The upconverted image was captured by a silicon electron multiplying charged coupled device without any scanning devices, thus gaining in simplicity and speed. The imaging sensitivity was improved by reducing the background noise with coincidence pulsed pumping at long wavelength.
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42.79.Pw Imaging detectors and sensors
85.60.Ha Photomultipliers; phototubes and photocathodes
07.57.Kp Bolometers; infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave receivers and detectors
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Strong light confinement in a photonic amorphous diamond structure

Shigeki Imagawa, Keiichi Edagawa, and Masaya Notomi

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 151103 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4704182 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 13 April 2012

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Formation of cavity modes in a recently found unique photonic structure “photonic amorphous diamond (PAD)” has been investigated by finite-difference time domain calculations. A well-confined monopole mode has been found to form when a rod is removed from the structure. The quality (Q) factor and mode volume (Vm) of such a cavity mode in PAD have been evaluated and compared with those in a conventional photonic crystal with a crystalline diamond structure. The two structures have shown nealy the same Q-factor and Vm, leading to the conclusion that strong light confinement is realizable in PAD as well as conventional photonic crystals.
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42.70.Qs Photonic bandgap materials

Rolled-up nanotechnology for the fabrication of three-dimensional fishnet-type GaAs-metal metamaterials with negative refractive index at near-infrared frequencies

Andreas Rottler, Malte Harland, Markus Bröll, Stephan Schwaiger, Daniel Stickler, Andrea Stemmann, Christian Heyn, Detlef Heitmann, and Stefan Mendach

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 151104 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4704185 (4 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 13 April 2012

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We propose and demonstrate the fabrication of a three-dimensional fishnet metamaterial by utilizing rolled-up nanotechnology. It consists of 6 alternating layers of silver and (In)GaAs with an array of subwavelength holes “drilled” by focused ion beams. By means of finite-integration technique simulations, we show that the fabricated structure is a single-negative material possessing a negative real part of the refractive index in the near-infrared regime. We show that the fabricated material can be made double negative by slightly changing the size of the holes.
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81.05.Xj Metamaterials for chiral, bianisotropic and other complex media
78.67.Pt Multilayers; superlattices; photonic structures; metamaterials
78.20.Ci Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity)
78.30.-j Infrared and Raman spectra
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