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9 Jan 2012

Volume 100, Issue 2, Articles (02xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 023701 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3673335 (3 pages)

Biswarup Pathak, Henrik Löfås, Jariyanee Prasongkit, Anton Grigoriev, Rajeev Ahuja, and Ralph H. Scheicher
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Double-functionalized nanopore-embedded gold electrodes for rapid DNA sequencing

Biswarup Pathak, Henrik Löfås, Jariyanee Prasongkit, Anton Grigoriev, Rajeev Ahuja, and Ralph H. Scheicher

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 023701 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3673335 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 9 January 2012

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We have studied the effect of double-functionalization on gold electrodes for improving nanopore-based DNA sequencing. The functionalizing molecular probes are, respectively, capable of temporarily forming hydrogen bonds with both the nucleobase part and the phosphate group of the target DNA, thus potentially minimizing the structural fluctuations of a single-stranded DNA molecule passing between the gold electrodes. The results of our first-principles study indicate that the proposed setup yields current signals that differ by at least 1 order of magnitude for the four different nucleic acid bases, thus offering the possibility to electrically distinguish them.
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87.15.B- Structure of biomolecules
87.15.R- Reactions and kinetics
87.15.Ya Fluctuations
82.45.-h Electrochemistry and electrophoresis

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy based on two-dimensional scanning galvanometer

Yi Yuan, Sihua Yang, and Da Xing

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 023702 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3675907 (3 pages) | Cited 9 times

Online Publication Date: 9 January 2012

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An optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy system was designed and fabricated by integration of a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer, an objective lens, an unfocused ultrasound transducer, and a sample stage. The lateral resolution of the system was measured to be ∼500 nm. Ex vivo erythrocytes were used to test the imaging capability of the system, and a single erythrocyte was mapped with high contrast. Furthermore, invivo blood vessels of a mouse ear were clearly shown, and the injured blood vessels were also monitored. The experimental results demonstrate that galvanometer-based photoacoustic microscopy holds clinical potential in detecting lesion of erythrocyte and blood vessel.
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87.85.Ox Biomedical instrumentation and transducers, including micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)
87.64.M- Optical microscopy

Label-free multiphoton imaging and photoablation of preinvasive cancer cells

Shuangmu Zhuo, Jianxin Chen, Guizhu Wu, Xiaoqin Zhu, Xingshan Jiang, and Shusen Xie

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 023703 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3676271 (4 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 10 January 2012

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Detection and treatment of early lesions in epithelial tissue offer several possibilities for curing cancer, but it is challenging. Here, we present an optical technique, the combination of multiphoton imaging and absorption, to label-freely detect and ablate preinvasive cancer cells in epithelial tissue. We find that multiphoton imaging can label-freely visualize the principal features of nuclear atypia associated with epithelial precancerous lesions, and the spatial localization of multiphoton absorption can perform targeted ablation of preinvasive cancer cells with micrometer-sized volume precision. These results indicate that this optical technique has the capability to label-freely visualize and remove preinvasive cancer cells in epithelial tissue. This study highlights the potential of this technique as a “seek-and-treat” tool for early lesions in epithelial tissue.
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87.50.wf Biophysical mechanisms of interaction
87.63.L- Visual imaging
87.19.xj Cancer

Biomolecule detection based on Si single-electron transistors for highly sensitive integrated sensors on a single chip

Takashi Kudo and Anri Nakajima

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 023704 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3676664 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 12 January 2012

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Biomolecule detection was achieved using a Si single-electron transistor (SET) for highly-sensitive detection. A multiple-island channel-structure was used for the SET to enable room-temperature operation and to increase sensitivity. Coulomb oscillation shifted against the gate voltage due to biotin-streptavidin binding. Coulomb oscillation has a possibility to increase transconductance (gm), and a higher gm leads to greater sensitivity to a charged target. Since a Si structure is important for integrating label-free-biomolecule and/or ion sensors into large-scale-integrated circuits, a Si SET with multiple islands should enable the integration of a sensor system on a single chip for multiplexed detections and simultaneous diagnoses.
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87.85.-d Biomedical engineering
85.35.Gv Single electron devices
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