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16 Jan 2012

Volume 100, Issue 3, Articles (03xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 033109 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3664636 (3 pages)

Sang H. Yun, Hyung-Seok Lee, Young Ha Kwon, Mats Göthelid, Sang Mo Koo, Lars Wågberg, Ulf O. Karlsson, and Jan Linnros
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Model of random telegraph noise in gate-induced drain leakage current of high-k gate dielectric metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors

Ju-Wan Lee and Jong-Ho Lee

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 033501 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3678023 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 18 January 2012

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Model of random telegraph noise (RTN) in gate-induced drain leakage (GIDL) current was proposed and explained together with that of gate edge tunneling (ET) current. A trap inside the gate dielectric between the drain and the gate of a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor can affect theoretically both GIDL and gate ET currents at the same time. However, the RTNs for both currents were mostly uncorrelated and its cause was clarified. The RTN in GIDL current has a strong relation with a localized defect region in the drain overlapped by the gate. In the RTN of GIDL current, the shallower trap depth can show the larger amplitude of a RTN but sometimes show unexpectedly small amplitude if a trap is misaligned with the defect region.
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85.30.Tv Field effect devices
85.30.De Semiconductor-device characterization, design, and modeling

Double-waveguide quantum cascade laser

Romain Blanchard, Cécile Grezes, Stefan Menzel, Christian Pflügl, Laurent Diehl, Yong Huang, Jae-Hyun Ryou, Russell D. Dupuis, and Federico Capasso

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 033502 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3678033 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 18 January 2012

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We demonstrate 1.1 W peak power at room-temperature from a double-waveguide quantum cascade laser (QCL) grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Two full broadband QCL active regions were grown on top of each other separated by thick cladding layers to reduce gain competition. Simultaneous lasing on Fabry-Perot modes separated by as much as 360 cm−1 is obtained. This design paves the way for high-brightness broadband mid-infrared sources, as well as more complex three-terminal devices.
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42.55.Px Semiconductor lasers; laser diodes
42.60.By Design of specific laser systems
81.15.Gh Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, ALD, etc.)

Surface acoustic wave solid-state rotational micromotor

Richie J. Shilton, Sean M. Langelier, James R. Friend, and Leslie Y. Yeo

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 033503 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3676660 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 18 January 2012

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Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are used to drive a 1 mm diameter rotor at speeds exceeding 9000 rpm and torque of nearly 5 nNm. Unlike recent high-speed SAW rotary motors, however, the present design does not require a fluid coupling layer but interestingly exploits adhesive stiction as an internal preload, a force usually undesirable at these scales; with additional preloads, smaller rotors can be propelled to 15 000 rpm. This solid-state motor has no moving parts except for the rotor and is sufficiently simple to allow integration into miniaturized drive systems for potential use in microfluidic diagnostics, optical switching and microrobotics.
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43.38.-p Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound
43.58.-e Acoustical measurements and instrumentation

Low noise MgB2 terahertz hot-electron bolometer mixers

S. Bevilacqua, S. Cherednichenko, V. Drakinskiy, J. Stake, H. Shibata, and Y. Tokura

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 033504 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3678027 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 19 January 2012

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We report on low noise terahertz bolometric mixers made of MgB2 superconducting thin films. For a 10-nm-thick MgB2 film, the lowest mixer noise temperature was 600 K at 600 GHz. For 30 to 10-nm-thick films, the mixer gain bandwidth is an inverse function of the film thickness, reaching 3.4 GHz for the 10-nm film. As the critical temperature of the film decreases, the gain bandwidth also decreases, indicating the importance of high quality thin films for large gain bandwidth mixers. The results indicate the prospect of achieving a mixer gain bandwidth as large as 10-8 GHz for 3 to 5-nm-thick MgB2 films.
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84.30.Qi Modulators and demodulators; discriminators, comparators, mixers, limiters, and compressors

Time-dependent degradation of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors under reverse bias

Matteo Meneghini, Antonio Stocco, Marco Bertin, Denis Marcon, Alessandro Chini, Gaudenzio Meneghesso, and Enrico Zanoni

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 033505 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3678041 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 20 January 2012

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This paper describes a detailed analysis of the time-dependent degradation kinetics of GaN-based high electron mobility transistors submitted to reverse-bias stress. We show that: (1) exposure to reverse-bias may induce recoverable changes in gate leakage and threshold voltage, due to the accumulation of negative charge within the AlGaN layer, and of positive charge at the AlGaN/GaN interface. (2) Permanent degradation consists in the generation of parasitic leakage paths. Several findings support the hypothesis that permanent degradation is due to a defect percolation process: (2(a)) for sufficiently long stress times, degradation occurs even below the “critical voltage” estimated by step stress experiments; (2(b)) before permanent degradation, gate current becomes noisy, indicating an increase in defect concentration; and (2(c)) time to breakdown strongly depends on the initial defectiveness of the samples.
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85.30.Tv Field effect devices

Hybrid inertial method for broadband scattering reduction

Theodore P. Martin and Gregory J. Orris

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 033506 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3678633 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 20 January 2012

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We combine a transformational acoustic (TA) conformal map with a scattering cancellation (SC) layer to produce a hybrid design that reduces the scattering cross-section of an object in an aqueous environment. Our method is an inertial design that does not rely on negative-valued media. Using multiple scattering theory for cylindrical shells, our calculations demonstrate that the hybrid design outperforms both a discretized transformational acoustic superlattice and a scattering cancellation layer over a broad frequency bandwidth. The hybrid method can be utilized to optimize performance over targeted frequency bands.
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43.40.-r Structural acoustics and vibration
43.20.Fn Scattering of acoustic waves
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