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20 Feb 2012

Volume 100, Issue 8, Articles (08xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 082401 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3684972 (4 pages)

Elizabeth Rapoport and Geoffrey S. D. Beach
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Silicon intercalation at the interface of graphene and Ir(111)

Lei Meng, Rongting Wu, Haitao Zhou, Geng Li, Yi Zhang, Linfei Li, Yeliang Wang, and H.-J. Gao

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083101 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3687688 (4 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 21 February 2012

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We report on the structural and electronic properties in the heterostructure of graphene/silicon/Ir(111). A (√19 × √19)R23.41° superstructure is confirmed by low energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy and its formation is ascribed to silicon intercalation at the interface between the graphene and the Ir(111) substrate. The dI/dV measurements indicate that the interaction between graphene and Ir is effectively decoupled after silicon intercalation. Raman spectroscopy also reveals the vibrational states of graphene, G peak and 2D peak, which further demonstrates that the silicon-buffered graphene behaves more like intrinsic graphene.
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73.40.-c Electronic transport in interface structures
68.35.Ct Interface structure and roughness
78.30.Na Fullerenes and related materials
63.20.-e Phonons in crystal lattices

Electronic structures of silicene fluoride and hydride

Yi Ding and Yanli Wang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083102 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3688035 (4 pages) | Cited 12 times

Online Publication Date: 21 February 2012

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Silicene is the graphene-like silicon nanosheet, which has been synthesized very recently [B. Lalmi, H. Oughaddou, H. Enriquez, A. Kara, S. Vizzini, B. Ealet, and B. Aufray, Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 223109 (2010)]. Using first-principles calculations, we systematically investigate the structures and properties of fluorinated and hydrogenated silicene, the silicon analogues of graphane. Different from the carbon-counterpart, the fluorination prefers the conformation with a zigzag-line buckling, while the hydrogenation keeps the chair conformation similar to graphane. A direct band gap is opened in the silicene fluoride, and the gap values can be continuously modulated by the strain. While for the hydride, a strain-induced indirect-to-direct band gap transition is found.
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71.20.Ps Other inorganic compounds
81.40.Lm Deformation, plasticity, and creep
62.20.mq Buckling

Pure optical and reversible optically driven nanowriting of azobenzene block copolymers

F. Tantussi, S. Menghetti, E. Caldi, F. Fuso, M. Allegrini, and G. Galli

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083103 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3685716 (4 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 21 February 2012

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We report on pure optical nanowriting in the near-field of spin-coated films of a specifically synthesized azobenzene-containing block copolymer. Writing is accomplished by linear polarized blue laser radiation, which is efficiently absorbed by the material, and readout is based on polarization-modulation of red laser radiation, which is practically unabsorbed. Purely optical, stable, and reversible modifications are observed at the ∼100 nm scale. Remarkably, they are not accompanied by any observable topographical change. We attribute the result to the use of a small azobenzene content (3% mol) and to the block architecture of the material.
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68.55.am Polymers and organics

Interface structure governed by plastic and structural dissimilarity in perovskite La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanodots on rock-salt MgO substrates

P. Abellán, J. Zabaleta, J. Santiso, M.-J. Casanove, N. Dix, J. Aguiar, N. D. Browning, N. Mestres, T. Puig, X. Obradors, and F. Sandiumenge

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083104 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3687692 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 22 February 2012

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Self-assembled La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 perovskite nanodots have been grown on highly mismatched rock-salt type MgO substrates by chemical solution deposition. The interfacial dislocation structure indicates that the relaxation mechanism is governed by the easy glide of MgO 1/2〈101〉{101} dislocations towards the interface, where they dissociate into misfit-relieving and tilting components. The latter induce a 4-domain tilt pattern superimposed to the main cube-on-cube epitaxial orientation. It is shown that the inheritance of the rotational component of the Burgers vector has detrimental consequences on the interfacial quality, evidencing the impact of structural and plastic dissimilarity on the design of self-assembled nanostructures.
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81.16.Dn Self-assembly
62.23.Eg Nanodots
68.35.Ct Interface structure and roughness
62.20.fq Plasticity and superplasticity
81.40.Lm Deformation, plasticity, and creep
61.72.Hh Indirect evidence of dislocations and other defects (resistivity, slip, creep, strains, internal friction, EPR, NMR, etc.)

Guided filament formation in NiO-resistive random access memory by embedding gold nanoparticles

Mutsunori Uenuma, Bin Zheng, Kentaro Kawano, Masahiro Horita, Yasuaki Ishikawa, Ichiro Yamashita, and Yukiharu Uraoka

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083105 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3688053 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 22 February 2012

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Controllable positioning of conductive filament in resistive memory is demonstrated using gold nanoparticles (GNPs). A GNP of 15 nm diameter is encapsulated by the porter protein and delivered to the designated positions. The restricted nanoscale filament formation by the GNP was observed by conductive atomic force microscopy, and writing and erasing were achieved in a defined area on the nanometer scale. The GNPs act as defect creators and assist the formation of nanoscale filaments with a low voltage.
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84.30.Sk Pulse and digital circuits

Detecting ssDNA at single-nucleotide resolution by sub-2-nanometer pore in monoatomic graphene: A molecular dynamics study

Hu Qiu and Wanlin Guo

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083106 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3686921 (4 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 22 February 2012

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Obtaining a sequence-based signal at a resolution of single nucleotide during the passage of a DNA strand through nanopores remains a challenging problem. Here, we demonstrate by molecular dynamics simulations that the single-base resolution detection can be realized by pulling a single-stranded DNA through graphene nanopores with diameters down to ∼1 nm. By simply monitoring and analyzing the peak values of the pulling force profile, each nucleotide in the DNA strand can be identified and characterized, except for cytosine and thymine which remain indistinguishable. This intriguing character through narrow nanopores should help realize the low-cost and time-efficient DNA sequencing.
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87.15.ap Molecular dynamics simulation
02.60.-x Numerical approximation and analysis

Experimental evidence on the Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak interference of the topological surface states in the exfoliated Bi2Te3 nanoflakes

Zhaoguo Li (李兆国), Yuyuan Qin (秦宇远), Fengqi Song (宋凤麒), Qiang-Hua Wang (王强华), Xuefeng Wang (王学锋), Baigeng Wang (王伯根), Haifeng Ding (丁海峰), Chris Van Haesondonck, Jianguo Wan (万建国), Yuheng Zhang (张裕恒), and Guanghou Wang (王广厚)

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083107 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3680099 (4 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 22 February 2012

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Here, we demonstrate the Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak (AAS) interference of the topological surface states on the exfoliated Bi2Te3 microflakes by a flux period of h/2e in their magnetoresistance oscillations and its weak field character. Both the oscillations with the period of h/e and h/2e are observed. The h/2e-period AAS oscillation gradually dominates with increasing the sample widths and the temperatures. This reveals the transition of the Dirac Fermions’ transport to the diffusive regime.
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73.20.At Surface states, band structure, electron density of states
72.20.My Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects

Size-dependent hydrogen uptake behavior of Pd nanoparticles revealed by photonic crystal surface waves

Valery N. Konopsky, Dmitry V. Basmanov, Elena V. Alieva, Sergey K. Sekatskii, and Giovanni Dietler

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083108 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3690085 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 23 February 2012

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We present an optical method of study of nanoparticle properties using photonic crystal surface waves. Palladium nanoparticles were deposited on a surface of a one-dimensional photonic crystal, which supports the propagation of p-polarized optical surface waves. The changes in the nanoparticle properties, such as its dimension and refractive index, were monitored through angle interrogation of the photonic crystal surface waves. The interaction of palladium nanoparticles with hydrogen was detected with this method. The size-different hydrogen uptake behavior by 2 and 6 nm diameter Pd nanoparticles results in qualitatively different response of the optical signal, viz., in the different signs of such a response. This not only confirms the absence of the α- to β-phase transformation for the smallest palladium nanoparticles, but is a plausible indication that hydrogen donates its electrons to a collective electron band of the metal.
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78.67.Bf Nanocrystals, nanoparticles, and nanoclusters
78.67.Pt Multilayers; superlattices; photonic structures; metamaterials
81.16.-c Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing
81.30.Hd Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder
64.70.kd Metals and alloys
61.46.Df Structure of nanocrystals and nanoparticles ("colloidal" quantum dots but not gate-isolated embedded quantum dots)

Interfacial chemistry in an InAs/GaSb superlattice studied by pulsed laser atom probe tomography

M. Müller, B. Gault, M. Field, G. J. Sullivan, G. D. W. Smith, and C. R. M. Grovenor

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083109 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3688045 (4 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 23 February 2012

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Pulsed laser atom probe tomography was employed to study the interfacial chemistry in an InAs/GaSb superlattice nanostructure. The InAs-on-GaSb anion sublattice interface was found to be wider than the GaSb-on-InAs interface, in good agreement with previous electron microscopy studies. Hetero-nuclear group-V cluster ions at the InAs-on-GaSb interface as detected by atom probe are indicative of a strong As for Sb exchange reaction when InAs is grown onto GaSb.
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82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces
81.05.Ea III-V semiconductors
68.65.Cd Superlattices
82.30.Hk Chemical exchanges (substitution, atom transfer, abstraction, disproportionation, and group exchange)

Nanotorsional actuator using transition between flattened and tubular states in carbon nanotubes

Ryosuke Senga, Kaori Hirahara, and Yoshikazu Nakayama

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083110 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3684275 (4 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 24 February 2012

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We experimentally investigated a torsional actuator consisting of a carbon nanotube (CNT). Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the CNT, from its flattened state when energetically stable at room temperature, changes states reversibly to a tubular state depending on the amount of current applied to the CNT. The flattened CNT can be twisted, with its twist angle dependent on its chirality and length. The transition from the flattened state to the tubular state reverses the twist and generates a torsional torque as strong as ca. 5 nN·nm, which is 50 times stronger than that of an artificial bionanorotary device.
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61.48.De Structure of carbon nanotubes, boron nanotubes, and other related systems
61.46.Fg Nanotubes
81.07.De Nanotubes

Nanostructured ion beam-modified Ge films for high capacity Li ion battery anodes

N. G. Rudawski, B. L. Darby, B. R. Yates, K. S. Jones, R. G. Elliman, and A. A. Volinsky

Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 083111 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3689781 (4 pages) | Cited 14 times

Online Publication Date: 24 February 2012

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Nanostructured ion beam-modified Ge electrodes fabricated directly on Ni current collector substrates were found to exhibit excellent specific capacities during electrochemical cycling in half-cell configuration with Li metal for a wide range of cycling rates. Structural characterization revealed that the nanostructured electrodes lose porosity during cycling but maintain excellent electrical contact with the metallic current collector substrate. These results suggest that nanostructured Ge electrodes have great promise for use as high performance Li ion battery anodes.
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81.16.-c Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing
82.45.Fk Electrodes
68.55.ag Semiconductors
61.80.Jh Ion radiation effects
81.07.Lk Nanocontacts
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