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17 Sep 2012

Volume 101, Issue 12, Articles (12xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 123901 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4751469 (4 pages)

Chin-An Lin, K. P. Huang, S. T. Ho, Mei-Wen Huang, and Jr-Hau He
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Elucidating the mechanism for indentation size-effect in dielectrics

C. R. Robinson, K. W. White, and P. Sharma

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 122901 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4753799 (2 pages)

Online Publication Date: 17 September 2012

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Recent work presented experimental evidence of a strong elastic indentation size-effect in ferroelectric BaTiO3. The apparent elastic modulus was shown to exhibit significant stiffening with decreasing contact size and this was attributed to the phenomenon of flexoelectricity. There is however room for debate whether domain wall movement, nucleation, and related phenomena are responsible for the size-effect in BaTiO3. In this work, we present a nanoindentation study of paraelectric SrTiO3 and argue that indeed flexoelectricity rather than ferroelectric-specific effects cause the observed size dependent behavior.
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81.40.Np Fatigue, corrosion fatigue, embrittlement, cracking, fracture, and failure
62.20.de Elastic moduli
62.20.Qp Friction, tribology, and hardness
77.65.-j Piezoelectricity and electromechanical effects
77.80.Dj Domain structure; hysteresis
81.40.Jj Elasticity and anelasticity, stress-strain relations

Residual stresses and clamped thermal expansion in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 thin films

A. Bartasyte, V. Plausinaitiene, A. Abrutis, T. Murauskas, P. Boulet, S. Margueron, J. Gleize, S. Robert, V. Kubilius, and Z. Saltyte

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 122902 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4752448 (5 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 17 September 2012

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Residual stresses in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 epitaxial thin films were evaluated taking into account Li nonstoichiometry by means of Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. The epitaxial films were grown on C-cut sapphire substrates by pulsed injection metal organic chemical vapour deposition. Clamping of the epitaxial films by the substrate induced a transfer from the in plane thermal expansion to the out of plane component. The temperature of the phase transition of clamped LiTaO3 films was close to that expected for a bulk sample.
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68.60.Bs Mechanical and acoustical properties
65.40.De Thermal expansion; thermomechanical effects
78.30.Hv Other nonmetallic inorganics
78.66.Nk Insulators
81.15.Gh Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, ALD, etc.)
81.15.Kk Vapor phase epitaxy; growth from vapor phase

Synthesis and room temperature four-state memory prototype of Sr3Co2Fe24O41 multiferroics

Jiangtao Wu, Zhan Shi, Jun Xu, Nan Li, Zhibin Zheng, Hao Geng, Zhaoxiong Xie, and Lansun Zheng

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 122903 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4753973 (4 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 18 September 2012

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Multiferroics exhibit both ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism. The combination of ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism in single phase offers the ability to obtain four physical polarization states, i.e., two electric polarization combined with two magnetic polarization states, achieving four-state memory devices. The four-state memory devices can exponentially increase data storage capacity. In this letter, we synthesized single phase Sr3Co2Fe24O41, which exhibits ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, and magnetoelectric coupling effect at room temperature. The as-prepared Sr3Co2Fe24O41 was used as a four-state memory prototype. The information was written by electric and magnetic fields, and read out by magnetoelectric coefficient (αE) with the help of a small bias magnetic field.
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75.85.+t Magnetoelectric effects, multiferroics
75.50.Dd Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials
77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization
77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
77.84.Bw Elements, oxides, nitrides, borides, carbides, chalcogenides, etc.
84.30.Sk Pulse and digital circuits

Coexistence of coupled magnetic phases in epitaxial TbMnO3 films revealed by ultrafast optical spectroscopy

J. Qi, L. Yan, H. D. Zhou, J.-X. Zhu, S. A. Trugman, A. J. Taylor, Q. X. Jia, and R. P. Prasankumar

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 122904 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4754294 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 19 September 2012

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Ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy is used to reveal the coexistence of coupled antiferromagnetic/ferroelectric and ferromagnetic orders in multiferroic TbMnO3 films through their time domain signatures. Our observations are explained by a theoretical model describing the coupling between reservoirs with different magnetic properties. These results can guide researchers to creating unique kinds of multiferroic materials that combine coupled ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferroelectric properties in one compound.
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75.85.+t Magnetoelectric effects, multiferroics
77.55.Nv Multiferroic/magnetoelectric films
75.50.Dd Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials
75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics
77.84.Bw Elements, oxides, nitrides, borides, carbides, chalcogenides, etc.
78.47.J- Ultrafast spectroscopy (<1 psec)

The thickness and stretch dependence of the electrical breakdown strength of an acrylic dielectric elastomer

Jiangshui Huang, Samuel Shian, Roger M. Diebold, Zhigang Suo, and David R. Clarke

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 122905 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4754549 (4 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 21 September 2012

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The performance of dielectric elastomer actuators is limited by electrical breakdown. Attempts to measure this are confounded by the voltage-induced thinning of the elastomer. A test configuration is introduced that avoids this problem: A thin sheet of elastomer is stretched, crossed-wire electrodes are attached, and then embedded in a stiff polymer. The applied electric field at breakdown, EB, is found to depend on both the deformed thickness, h, and the stretch applied, λ. For the acrylic elastomer investigated, the breakdown field scales as EB  =  51  h − 0.25  λ 0.63. The test configuration allows multiple individual tests to be made on the same sheet of elastomer.
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77.22.Ch Permittivity (dielectric function)
77.22.Jp Dielectric breakdown and space-charge effects
81.70.-q Methods of materials testing and analysis
68.35.bm Polymers, organics
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