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8 Oct 2012

Volume 101, Issue 15, Articles (15xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 153501 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4756693 (3 pages)

Brandon G. Cook, William R. French, and Kálmán Varga
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Broadband and ultrathin screen with magnetic substrate for microwave reflectivity reduction

Ruifeng Huang and Zheng-Wen Li

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 154101 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757875 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 8 October 2012

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This paper presents an ultrathin screen with magnetic substrate for broadband microwave reflectivity reduction. The magnetic substrate was fabricated by mixing a MnTi substituted M-type barium ferrite and a Co substituted W-type barium ferrite. The screen with the magnetic substrate thickness of 1.1 mm (λ0/25) can achieve the fractional bandwidth (Δf/f0) of 46% at X band, which almost increases by 150%, as compared to the corresponding screen with dielectric substrate.
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75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
84.40.-x Radiowave and microwave (including millimeter wave) technology
75.50.Gg Ferrimagnetics

Triple-band terahertz metamaterial absorber: Design, experiment, and physical interpretation

Xiaopeng Shen, Yan Yang, Yuanzhang Zang, Jianqiang Gu, Jiaguang Han, Weili Zhang, and Tie Jun Cui

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 154102 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757879 (4 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 8 October 2012

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We demonstrate the design, characterization, and interference-theory interpretation of a terahertz triple-band metamaterial absorber (MA). The experiments show that the fabricated MA has three distinctive absorption peaks at 0.5, 1.03, and 1.71 THz with absorption rates of 96.4%, 96.3%, and 96.7%, respectively. We use the multi-reflection interference theory to investigate the physical insight of the proposed triple-band terahertz MA, which provides a design guideline for MA of such type. The theoretical predictions of the interference model have excellent agreements with experimental results. The designed multiband absorber is easy to manufacture and insensitive to incident polarizations with high absorption, which is favorable for various applications.
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42.70.-a Optical materials
42.82.Cr Fabrication techniques; lithography, pattern transfer
42.25.Bs Wave propagation, transmission and absorption
42.25.Hz Interference

Kinetics of color center formation in silica irradiated with swift heavy ions: Thresholding and formation efficiency

J. Manzano-Santamaría, J. Olivares, A. Rivera, O. Peña-Rodríguez, and F. Agulló-López

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 154103 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757886 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 8 October 2012

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We have determined the cross-section σ for color center generation under single Br ion impacts on amorphous SiO2. The evolution of the cross-sections, σ(E) and σ(Se), show an initial flat stage that we associate to atomic collision mechanisms. Above a certain threshold value (Se > 2 keV/nm), roughly coinciding with that reported for the onset of macroscopic disorder (compaction), σ shows a marked increase due to electronic processes. In this regime, a energetic cost of around 7.5 keV is necessary to create a non bridging oxygen hole center-E′ (NBOHC/E′) pair, whatever the input energy. The data appear consistent with a non-radiative decay of self-trapped excitons.
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61.72.jn Color centers
61.80.Jh Ion radiation effects
71.35.-y Excitons and related phenomena

Three-port beam splitter for slow neutrons using holographic nanoparticle-polymer composite diffraction gratings

J. Klepp, Y. Tomita, C. Pruner, J. Kohlbrecher, and M. Fally

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 154104 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4758686 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 9 October 2012

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Diffraction of slow neutrons by nanoparticle-polymer composite gratings has been observed. By carefully choosing grating parameters such as grating thickness and spacing, a three-port beam splitter operation for slow neutrons—splitting the incident neutron intensity equally into the ±1st and the 0th diffraction orders—has been realized. As a possible application, a Zernike three-path interferometer is briefly discussed.
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03.75.Be Atom and neutron optics
82.35.Np Nanoparticles in polymers
42.40.Eq Holographic optical elements; holographic gratings

Using the fringing electric field in microfluidic volume sensors to enhance sensitivity and accuracy

Jason Riordon, Nicolas M.-Catafard, and Michel Godin

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 154105 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4759033 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 10 October 2012

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The particle trajectory above impedance-monitoring coplanar electrodes in a microfluidic channel dramatically influences the measured electric current change. We use finite element modeling to predict changes in ionic current for microspheres flowing in highly fringing fields, and validate these results by introducing a buoyancy-based particle focusing technique. Using 6 μm polystyrene particles in solutions of varying density, we control the height of the particle trajectories near the sensing electrodes and show that sensitivity can be increased by up to 3.5× when particles flow close to the electrodes compared to particles flowing further away, while simultaneously improving accuracy.
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87.85.Ox Biomedical instrumentation and transducers, including micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)
85.85.+j Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and devices
47.85.Np Fluidics
47.80.-v Instrumentation and measurement methods in fluid dynamics
06.30.Bp Spatial dimensions (e.g., position, lengths, volume, angles, and displacements)
02.70.Dh Finite-element and Galerkin methods

A graphene field-effect capacitor sensor in electrolyte

Si Chen, Zhi-Bin Zhang, Laipeng Ma, Patrik Ahlberg, Xindong Gao, Zhijun Qiu, Dongping Wu, Wencai Ren, Hui-Ming Cheng, and Shi-Li Zhang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 154106 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4759147 (5 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 10 October 2012

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The unique electronic properties of graphene are exploited for field-effect sensing in both capacitor and transistor modes when operating the sensor device in electrolyte. The device is fabricated using large-area graphene thin films prepared by means of layer-by-layer stacking. Although essentially the same device, its operation in the capacitor mode is found to yield more information than in the transistor mode. The capacitor sensor can simultaneously detect the variations of surface potential and electrical-double-layer capacitance at the graphene/electrolyte interface when altering the ion concentration. The capacitor-mode operation further facilitates studies of the molecular binding-adsorption kinetics by monitoring the capacitance transient.
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07.07.Df Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing
82.80.-d Chemical analysis and related physical methods of analysis
85.30.Tv Field effect devices
84.32.Tt Capacitors
82.45.Gj Electrolytes
68.43.Mn Adsorption kinetics

Tailoring electron energy distribution functions through energy confinement in dual radio-frequency driven atmospheric pressure plasmas

C. O'Neill, J. Waskoenig, and T. Gans

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 154107 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4758463 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 10 October 2012

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A multi-scale numerical model based on hydrodynamic equations with semi-kinetic treatment of electrons is used to investigate the influence of dual frequency excitation on the effective electron energy distribution function (EEDF) in a radio-frequency driven atmospheric pressure plasma. It is found that variations of power density, voltage ratio, and phase relationship provide separate control over the electron density and the mean electron energy. This is exploited to directly influence both the phase dependent and time averaged effective EEDF. This enables tailoring the EEDF for enhanced control of non-equilibrium plasma chemical kinetics at ambient pressure and temperature.
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52.25.Fi Transport properties
02.60.-x Numerical approximation and analysis
52.25.Dg Plasma kinetic equations
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