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22 Oct 2012

Volume 101, Issue 17, Articles (17xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 171101 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4758996 (4 pages)

Wolfram H. P. Pernice and Harish Bhaskaran
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Optoacoustic measurements of the porosity of paper samples with foxings

I. A. Balakhnina, N. N. Brandt, A. Yu. Chikishev, I. M. Pelivanov, and N. L. Rebrikova

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 174101 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4761984 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 24 October 2012

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The goal of this work is to investigate the porosity of old paper with foxings. Initially, paper samples are characterized using the conventional absorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. Optoacoustic method based on laser excitation of short ultrasound transients is used for porosity measurements. The paper porosity is calculated using the theory of two-component mixture with the experimentally determined sound speeds in paper samples saturated with liquids. An increase in the porosity in foxing stains on paper in comparison with the foxing-free fragments is clearly demonstrated.
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89.20.Kk Engineering

Reconfigurable liquid metal circuits by Laplace pressure shaping

Brad L. Cumby, Gerard J. Hayes, Michael D. Dickey, Ryan S. Justice, Christopher E. Tabor, and Jason C. Heikenfeld

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 174102 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4764020 (5 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 24 October 2012

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We report reconfigurable circuits formed by liquid metal shaping with <10 pounds per square inch (psi) Laplace and vacuum pressures. Laplace pressure drives liquid metals into microreplicated trenches, and upon release of vacuum, the liquid metal dewets into droplets that are compacted to 10–100× less area than when in the channel. Experimental validation includes measurements of actuation speeds exceeding 30 cm/s, simple erasable resistive networks, and switchable 4.5 GHz antennas. Such capability may be of value for next generation of simple electronic switches, tunable antennas, adaptive reflectors, and switchable metamaterials.
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84.40.Dc Microwave circuits
84.32.Dd Connectors, relays, and switches
84.40.Ba Antennas: theory, components and accessories

Surface roughness effects on the corona discharge intensity of long-term operating conductors

X. M. Bian, L. Chen, D. M. Yu, L. M. Wang, and Z. C. Guan

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 174103 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4764016 (4 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 26 October 2012

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An investigation into the effect of surface roughness on corona discharge intensity of long-term operating conductors is presented. The electric field distortion level was found to increase linearly with surface average roughness Ra. At the corona inception voltages, the ionization intensity ξ in the ionization zone was calculated, it would increase exponentially with the raise of Ra. As a result, the corona discharge intensity of long-term operating conductors was stronger, and the corona inception voltages were lower than those of the new conductors. The deviation of radio noise and audible noise was found to increase linearly with the raise of Ra.
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84.32.Ff Conductors, resistors (including thermistors, varistors, and photoresistors)
52.80.Hc Glow; corona
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