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26 Nov 2012

Volume 101, Issue 22, Articles (22xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 221101 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4767646 (5 pages)

Mikhail A. Kats, Deepika Sharma, Jiao Lin, Patrice Genevet, Romain Blanchard, Zheng Yang, M. Mumtaz Qazilbash, D. N. Basov, Shriram Ramanathan, and Federico Capasso
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High intensity electron emission from ferroelectric cathode induced by a pyroelectric crystal

M. Hockley and Z. Huang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 222901 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4767218 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 27 November 2012

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A high voltage pulse generated by changing the temperature of a pyroelectric crystal was used to trigger a strong ferroelectric electron emission from a ferroelectric cathode. Different configurations such as a positive or negative pulse being applied to the front or back of the ferroelectric cathode were investigated. Negative pulse applied to the front of the cathode was found to generate the largest emission current and total charges. These differences in emission properties are interpreted using the mechanism of surface plasma assisted electron emission.
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77.70.+a Pyroelectric and electrocaloric effects
77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
79.90.+b Other topics in electron and ion emission by liquids and solids and impact phenomena (restricted to new topics in section 79)
82.45.Fk Electrodes

Field dependency of magnetoelectric coupling in multilayered nanocomposite arrays: Possible contribution from surface spins

Xiaoli Lu, Sining Dong, Xiaoguang Li, Marin Alexe, Dietrich Hesse, and Yue Hao

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 222902 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4768290 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 27 November 2012

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Highly ordered BaTiO3/CoFe2O4 (BTO/CFO) epitaxial heterostructures were grown via modified stencil-assisted pulsed laser deposition. With proper particle size and good crystal quality, the magnetoelectric (ME) coupling effect of the as-prepared nanodots can be probed in a low field. Unexpected coupling relaxation was found after BTO phase transition onset in low field (50 Oe) but was suppressed in high field (50 kOe). This field dependency of ME coupling is proposed to originate in different contributions from bulk and disordered surface spins. The results may provide a way to enhance ME coupling at nanoscale for the design of low-field operated multifunctional ME devices.
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81.07.-b Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization
81.15.Fg Pulsed laser ablation deposition
75.85.+t Magnetoelectric effects, multiferroics
75.75.-c Magnetic properties of nanostructures
75.50.Tt Fine-particle systems; nanocrystalline materials
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)

Defect induced mobility enhancement: Gadolinium oxide (100) on Si(100)

W. Sitaputra and R. Tsu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 222903 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4768295 (4 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 27 November 2012

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Growth of predominantly single crystal (100)-oriented gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) on a p-type Si(100) and growth of a polycrystal with a predominant Gd2O3(100) crystallite on a n-type Si(100) was performed using molecular beam epitaxy. Despite a poorer crystal structure than Gd2O3(110), an enhancement in carrier mobility can be found only from the Gd2O3(100)/n-type Si(100) interface. The mobility of 1715-1780 cm2/V · s was observed at room temperature, for carrier concentration >1020 cm−3. This accumulation of the electrons and the mobility enhancement may arise from the two-dimensional confinement due to charge transfer across the interface similar to transfer doping.
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73.40.Qv Metal-insulator-semiconductor structures (including semiconductor-to-insulator)
72.20.Fr Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance
82.30.Fi Ion-molecule, ion-ion, and charge-transfer reactions
81.15.Hi Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy

Small polaron migration associated multiple dielectric responses of multiferroic DyMnO3 polycrystal in low temperature region

J. Yang, J. He, J. Y. Zhu, W. Bai, L. Sun, X. J. Meng, X. D. Tang, C.-G. Duan, D. Rémiens, J. H. Qiu, and J. H. Chu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 222904 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4768790 (5 pages)

Online Publication Date: 29 November 2012

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Utilizing temperature dependent dielectric/impedance spectroscopy, multi-dielectric responses involving two dielectric relaxations (DRs) and two magnetic-order-associated dielectric anomalies were observed in polycrystalline DyMnO3. It is elucidated that both DRs’ dynamics, established in terms of equivalent circuit model and small polaron (SP) theories, are closely linked with localized SP migration features. Namely, low-temperature relaxation process can be attributed to short range polaronic variable-range-hopping induced dipolar-type relaxation in grains, whereas the higher-temperature one is due to Maxwell-Wagner relaxation at grain/grain boundary interfaces, which are governed by SP nearest-neighbor-hopping conduction. Additionally, magnetic-orders-associated dielectric anomalies may be assigned to strong spin-lattice couplings by magnetoelasticity-aroused lattice deformation.
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75.85.+t Magnetoelectric effects, multiferroics
77.22.Gm Dielectric loss and relaxation
71.38.-k Polarons and electron-phonon interactions
61.72.Mm Grain and twin boundaries
75.80.+q Magnetomechanical effects, magnetostriction
72.20.Ee Mobility edges; hopping transport
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