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16 Jul 2012

Volume 101, Issue 3, Articles (03xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 033301 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4734240 (5 pages)

Ting-Gang Chen, Bo-Yu Huang, En-Chen Chen, Peichen Yu, and Hsin-Fei Meng
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Transparent superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic coatings for self-cleaning and anti-fogging

Yu Chen, Yabin Zhang, Lei Shi, Jing Li, Yan Xin, Tingting Yang, and Zhiguang Guo

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 033701 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4737167 (4 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 16 July 2012

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The high transparent superhydrophobic surface covered with hollow spheres has been fabricated through a carbon template route. The as-prepared coating without treating with low surface energy materials showed superhdrophilic and anti-fogging properties while displayed superhydrophobic characteristics after surface modification. Furthermore, such superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic glasses both exhibited a relatively high transmittance, and it is also demonstrated that the thickness of coating affects the transmittance and wettability from a control experiment. For comparison, we studied the anti-fogging properties of the transparent superhydrophobic, superhydrophilic, and the ordinary glass, showing absolutely different fogging characteristics.
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81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning
68.08.Bc Wetting
68.35.Md Surface thermodynamics, surface energies
78.20.Ci Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity)
81.05.Kf Glasses (including metallic glasses)

Spectral encoding of spatial frequency approach for characterization of nanoscale structures

Sergey A. Alexandrov, Shikhar Uttam, Rajan K. Bista, Kevin Staton, and Yang Liu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 033702 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4737209 (5 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 17 July 2012

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An approach to acquire axial structural information at nanoscale is demonstrated. It is based on spectral encoding of spatial frequency principle to reconstruct the structural information about the axial profile of the three-dimensional (3D) spatial frequency for each image point. This approach overcomes the fundamental limitations of current optical techniques and provides nanoscale accuracy and sensitivity in characterizing axial structures. Numerical simulation and experimental results are presented.
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61.46.-w Structure of nanoscale materials
02.60.-x Numerical approximation and analysis

High-resolution imaging in a deep turbid medium based on an ultrasound-switchable fluorescence technique

Baohong Yuan, Seiichi Uchiyama, Yuan Liu, Kytai T. Nguyen, and George Alexandrakis

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 033703 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4737211 (5 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 17 July 2012

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The spatial resolution of fluorescence imaging techniques in deep optically turbid media such as tissues is limited by photon diffusion. To break the diffusion limit and achieve high-resolution and deep-tissue fluorescence imaging, a fundamentally different method was demonstrated based on a concept of ultrasound-switchable fluorescence. The results showed that a small fluorescent tube with a diameter of ∼180 μm at a depth of ∼20 mm in an optical scattering medium (μs′ ≈ 3.2  and μa ≈ 0.026 cm−1) can be clearly imaged with a size of ∼260 μm. The depth-to-resolution ratio is shown to be about one order of magnitude better than other deep-tissue fluorescence imaging techniques.
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87.85.Pq Biomedical imaging

Label-free monitoring of interaction between DNA and oxaliplatin in aqueous solution by terahertz spectroscopy

Xiaojun Wu, Yiwen E, Xinlong Xu, and Li Wang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 033704 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4737401 (4 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 18 July 2012

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We demonstrated the feasibility of applying terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) to monitor the molecular reactions in aqueous solutions of anticancer drug oxaliplatin with λ-DNA and macrophages DNA. The reaction time dependent refractive index and absorption coefficient were extracted and analyzed. The reaction half-decaying time of about 4.0 h for λ-DNA and 12.9 h for M-DNA was established. The results suggest that the THz-TDS detection could be an effective label-free technique to sense the molecular reaction in aqueous solutions and could be very useful in biology, medicine, and pharmacy industry.
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87.15.N- Properties of solutions of macromolecules
07.57.Pt Submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave spectrometers; magnetic resonance spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques
33.20.Bx Radio-frequency and microwave spectra
82.39.Rt Reactions in complex biological systems
87.14.gk DNA

Spectroscopic thermoacoustic imaging of water and fat composition

Daniel R. Bauer, Xiong Wang, Jeff Vollin, Hao Xin, and Russell S. Witte

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 033705 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4737414 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 18 July 2012

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During clinical studies, thermoacoustic imaging (TAI) failed to reliably identify malignant breast tissue. To increase detection capability, we propose spectroscopic TAI to differentiate samples based on the slope of their dielectric absorption. Phantoms composed of different ratios of water and fat were imaged using excitation frequencies between 2.7 and 3.1 GHz. The frequency-dependent slope of the TA signal was highly correlated with that of its absorption coefficient (R2 = 0.98 and p < 0.01), indicating spectroscopic TAI can distinguish materials based on their intrinsic dielectric properties. This approach potentially enhances cancer detection due to the increased water content of many tumors.
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87.63.D- Ultrasonography
43.35.Ud Thermoacoustics, high temperature acoustics, photoacoustic effect
43.80.Qf Medical diagnosis with acoustics
87.63.-d Non-ionizing radiation equipment and techniques
87.64.-t Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques in biophysics and medical physics
87.19.xj Cancer
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