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6 Aug 2012

Volume 101, Issue 6, Articles (06xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 062401 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4730997 (4 pages)

Mahdi Jamali, Kulothungasagaran Narayanapillai, Jae Hyun Kwon, and Hyunsoo Yang
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Delineating local electromigration for nanoscale probing of lithium ion intercalation and extraction by electrochemical strain microscopy

Qian Nataly Chen, Yanyi Liu, Yuanming Liu, Shuhong Xie, Guozhong Cao, and Jiangyu Li

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 063901 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4742933 (5 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 6 August 2012

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Lithium (Li) ion intercalation and extraction are critically important for high performance Li-ion batteries, and they are highly sensitive to local crystalline morphologies and defects that remain poorly understood. Using electrochemical strain microscopy (ESM) in combination with local transport analysis, we demonstrate that we cannot only probe Li-ion concentration and diffusivity with nanometer resolution but also map local energy dissipation associated with electromigration of Li-ions. Using these techniques, we uncover drastic differences in ESM response and energy dissipation between micro- and nano-crystalline lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) under different charging states, which explains the superior capacity observed in Li-ion batteries with nanocrystalline LiFePO4 electrode.
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82.47.Aa Lithium-ion batteries
82.45.Fk Electrodes

Dependence on cation size of thermally induced capacitive effect of a nanoporous carbon

Hyuck Lim, Weiyi Lu, and Yu Qiao

Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 063902 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4742748 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 7 August 2012

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Nanoporous carbon based thermally chargeable supercapacitors (TCS) are characterized in a set of experiments for low-grade heat harvesting and storage. A TCS consists of two nanoporous electrodes immersed in an electrolyte solution. When the temperature of one of the electrodes rises, its electrode potential increases, and a significant amount of thermal energy is converted to electric energy. The temperature sensitivity of the electrode potential (|dV/dT|) is highly dependent on the cation size: with everything else being the same, as the cation diameter (d) decreases, |dV/dT| increases.
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88.80.fh Supercapacitors
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