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18 Feb 2013

Volume 102, Issue 7, Articles (07xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 073101 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4790646 (4 pages)

V. Reboud, J. Romero-Vivas, P. Lovera, N. Kehagias, T. Kehoe, G. Redmond, and C. M. Sotomayor Torres
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Efficiency enhancement of organic photovoltaic devices using a Sm:Al compound electrode

Bin-Bin Yang, Dan-Dan Zhang, Shuit-Tong Lee, Yan-Qing Li, and Jian-Xin Tang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 073301 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4793414 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 19 February 2013

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An effective cathode consisting of samarium (Sm) doped aluminum (Al) layer and a pure Al layer is reported for application in organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). Standard copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C60 OPVs using this bilayer cathode show dramatically increased short-circuit current density and power conversion efficiency, which are 64% increased by employing a appropriate ratio of 1:3 of Sm:Al layer as compared with that of control devices with pure Al cathode. The photoelectric properties reveal that the improved efficiency is mainly related to the balance of the enhanced electron collection ability and the optimized optical reflection of a Sm doped Al layer.
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85.60.Bt Optoelectronic device characterization, design, and modeling
84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion
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A hybrid planar-mixed tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene/C70 photovoltaic cell

Xin Xiao, Jeramy D. Zimmerman, Brian E. Lassiter, Kevin J. Bergemann, and Stephen R. Forrest

Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 073302 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4793195 (4 pages)

Online Publication Date: 19 February 2013

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We describe a hybrid planar-mixed heterojunction (PM-HJ) organic photovoltaic cell based on tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene (DBP) and C70 with a power conversion efficiency of up to 6.4% ± 0.3%. Optimized cells consist of a DBP:C70 mixed layer at a volume ratio of 1:8 and a 9-nm thick C70 cap layer. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) in the visible of the PM-HJ cell is up to 10% larger than the mixed-HJ cell that lacks a C70 acceptor cap layer. The improvement in EQE is attributed to reduced exciton quenching at the MoO3 anode buffer layer surface. This leads to an internal quantum efficiency >90% between the wavelengths of λ = 450 nm and 550 nm, suggesting efficient exciton dissociation and carrier extraction in the PM-HJ cell. The power conversion efficiency under simulated AM 1.5G, 1 sun irradiation increases from 5.7% ± 0.2% for the mixed-HJ cell to 6.4% ± 0.3% for the PM-HJ cell, with a short-current density of 12.3 ± 0.3 mA/cm2, open circuit voltage of 0.91 ± 0.01 V, and fill factor of 0.56 ± 0.01.
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85.60.-q Optoelectronic devices
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Enhancement of optical gain and amplified spontaneous emission due to waveguide geometry in the conjugated polymer poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene]

Zach E. Lampert, John M. Papanikolas, and C. Lewis Reynolds, Jr.

Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 073303 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4793422 (5 pages)

Online Publication Date: 22 February 2013

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We report enhanced amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and optical gain performance in a conjugated polymer (CP)-based thin film waveguide (WG) Si(100)/SiO2/poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) by encapsulating the active layer with a transparent dielectric film of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). With index matched SiO2 and PMMA claddings, symmetric WGs are formed that exhibit increased mode confinement and reduced propagation loss enabling lower ASE threshold (40%) and higher optical gain (50%) compared to Si(100)/SiO2/MEH-PPV/air asymmetric WGs. An extremely large net gain coefficient of 500 cm−1 is achieved under picosecond pulse excitation, which is >4× larger than values previously reported in the literature. Fabrication of symmetric WGs requires no complex processing techniques, thus offering a simple, low-cost approach for effectively controlling the ASE behavior of CP-based WGs and related optical devices.
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42.79.Gn Optical waveguides and couplers
78.20.Ci Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity)
78.45.+h Stimulated emission
78.66.Qn Polymers; organic compounds
42.65.Re Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression
42.70.Jk Polymers and organics
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