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1 Apr 1968

Volume 12, Issue 7, pp. 225-240


THE RUBY LASER: PUMPED BY A PULSED ARGON ION LASER

Milton Birnbaum and Curtis L. Fincher

Appl. Phys. Lett. 12, 225 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1651966 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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A ruby laser with a pulsed argon ion laser as a pump was constructed and operated at 77° and 300°K. Threshold for oscillation was ∌13 mJ. A unique type of Q‐switched operation was observed that produced pulses of ∌15 nsec at 300°K and ∌6 nsec at 77°K.

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON SURFACE CHARGES CAUSED BY AN INCIDENT ELECTRON BEAM ON A METALLIC SURFACE

Y. Petit‐Clerc and J.‐D. Carette

Appl. Phys. Lett. 12, 227 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1651967 (2 pages) | Cited 14 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Measurements have been made of the behavior of surface charges caused by an electron bombardment, with an increase in temperature. At 200°C surface charges are still present although reduced by a factor 4. At this temperature the life of the surface charges is much shorter than at room temperature.

VOLTAGE RESOLUTION OF THE ELECTRON MIRROR

M. E. Barnett

Appl. Phys. Lett. 12, 229 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1651968 (2 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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The least detectable amplitude of surface potential variation is derived for the electron mirror method of surface imaging. It is shown that it can be very much smaller than the thermal energy spread in the imaging beam.

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE MICROWAVE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF THE GaAs LATTICE

Keith S. Champlin and Gary H. Glover

Appl. Phys. Lett. 12, 231 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1651969 (2 pages) | Cited 16 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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The relative dielectric constant Ï”r of high‐resistivity GaAs has been measured at 70.243 GHz as a function of temperature between 100 and 300°K. The measuring technique utilized a circular E field (TE°01) mode reflection‐coefficient bridge. Estimated relative and absolute accuracies of the measurements are ±0.2% and ±0.5%, respectively. The results are found to fit the equation Ï”r(T) = Ï”r(0){1 + αT} where Ï”r(0) = 12.73 ±.07 and α = (1.2 ± 0.1) × 10−4. At room temperature (295°K) the relative permittivity is Ï”r = 13.18 ±.07.

INTERVALLEY TRANSFER AND MICROWAVE CURRENT OSCILLATIONS IN STRAINED n‐TYPE GERMANIUM

John E. Smith

Appl. Phys. Lett. 12, 233 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1651970 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Microwave current oscillations have been observed in uniaxially compressed n‐type germanium in high electric field. For the configuration where the current is along the [112] crystal axis, and the strain along the [111] direction, the effect is present at 27°, 77°, and 300°K. At 27°K, the oscillations begin at stress of 1500 kg∕cm2; the threshold electric field has a minimum of 270 V∕cm at a stress of 5000 kg∕cm2. These values are higher at higher temperatures. The phenomenon is believed to be due to the existence of a region of bulk negative differential conductivity which results from intervalley transfer of electrons between the stress‐split 〈111〉 valleys of the conduction band.

ULTRASONIC REFLECTIVITY AND SURFACE WAVE PHENOMENA ON SURFACES OF COPPER SINGLE CRYSTALS

Fred R. Rollins, T. C. Lim, and G. W. Farnell

Appl. Phys. Lett. 12, 236 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1651971 (3 pages) | Cited 26 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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The phase velocities of surface waves on low index surfaces of single‐crystal copper have been determined by an ultrasonic reflection technique and found to be in excellent agreement with theoretical values. Variations in reflectivity have been related to both generalized surface waves and pseudo‐surface waves.

STIMULATED EMISSION FROM FLASHLAMP‐EXCITED ORGANIC DYES IN POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE

O. G. Peterson and B. B. Snavely

Appl. Phys. Lett. 12, 238 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1651972 (3 pages) | Cited 57 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Laser emission is reported from flashlamp‐excited polymethyl methacrylate rods containing rhodamine dyes. Quenching of stimulated emission by the molecular triplet state is apparently reduced in the solid with respect to that observed for the same dyes in liquid solution.
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