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15 Jul 1968

Volume 13, Issue 2, pp. 49-80


OPTICAL HETERODYNE DETECTION AT 10.6 μm OF THE BEAT FREQUENCY BETWEEN A TUNABLE Pb0.88Sn0.12Te DIODE LASER AND A CO2 GAS LASER

E. D. Hinkley, T. C. Harman, and Charles Freed

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 49 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652502 (3 pages) | Cited 29 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Optical heterodyning between a CO2 gas laser and a current‐tunable Pb0.88Sn0.12Te diode laser has been observed with both lasers in CW operation. The beat frequency was tunable from under 50 MHz to 1300 MHz and from 300 MHz to 3500 MHz for heterodyne experiments with the P20 and P18 CO2 laser transitions, respectively.

NEAR‐BAND‐EDGE LUMINESCENCE IN GaAs:Zn

George W. Arnold and David K. Brice

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 51 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652503 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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The lasing transition in bulk Zn‐doped GaAs has been resolved into three components (A′, B′, C′) with energies at 1.504, 1.489, and 1.484 eV, respectively. The higher energy levels are depopulated at low temperatures. The temperature dependence of the intensity of the transitions indicates a single luminescent center with a ground state and three excited states. A group‐theoretical analysis based on the Td symmetry of the Zn acceptor with s1∕2 conduction band electrons and p3∕2 valence band holes leads to the conclusion that the luminescent center must have lower symmetry than Td. The various possible types of centers are mentioned but there are no a priori reasons for choosing one over the other at the present time.

EFFICIENT OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATION USING DOUBLY AND SINGLY RESONANT CAVITIES

J. E. Bjorkholm

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 53 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652504 (4 pages) | Cited 26 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Efficient room‐temperature optical parametric oscillation was obtained using a single‐mode, giant‐pulse ruby laser to directly pump a crystal of LiNbO3 placed in an optical cavity resonant at both the signal and idler wavelengths and also in a cavity resonant at only the signal wavelength. For the doubly resonant oscillator, 22% of the pump power was converted into signal power; for the singly resonant oscillator, conversion was 6%. The behavior of both oscillators was reproducible. Several features of the oscillator dynamics are discussed.

HIGH‐EFFICIENCY OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATION AND POWER LIMITING IN LiNbO3

L. B. Kreuzer

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 57 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652506 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Efficiencies of 36% have been observed for the conversion of pumping power to optical parametric oscillator (OPO) output power by pumping with the second harmonic of a pulsed single‐mode laser. Previous reports which all used multimode pumps gave a maximum efficiency of about 1%. Unlike oscillators with multimode pumps, field amplitudes were observed to approach steady‐state values and the OPO functioned as a power limiter for transmitted pump light. Good agreement has been found between theoretical and experimental conversion efficiencies.

RESONANT AND ROUND‐TRIP GAIN FOR ACOUSTOELECTRIC DOMAINS IN n‐InSb

V. Dolat, J. B. Ross, and R. Bray

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 60 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652507 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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See Also: Erratum

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Resonant and round‐trip acoustoelectric gain are attainable in the high‐mobility, piezoelectric semiconductor n‐InSb, upon application of transverse magnetic fields. These features are demonstrated in the context of acoustoelectric domain formation and acoustoelectric instabilities. The elucidation of the basic features is greatly simplified by the use of constant‐current pulses, which eliminate oscillatory effects.

STABILITY OF THE FLUX‐FLOW STATE IN SUPERCONDUCTING NbTi STRIPS

D. M. Kroeger and M. S. Lubell

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 63 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652508 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Experiments concerning termination of the flux‐flow state have been performed on bare NbTi strips. For these strips of low heat capacity, take‐offs occurred at powers less than the maximum heat flux in nucleate boiling. We conclude that take‐off resulted from the simultaneous occurrence of a normal zone (caused by a local heat transfer fluctuation) and a current equal to or greater than the minimum propagating current.

MODE LOCKING AND ULTRASHORT LASER PULSES BY ANISOTROPIC MOLECULAR LIQUIDS

Jean P. Laussade and Amnon Yariv

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 65 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652509 (2 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Abstract Unavailable

OBSERVATIONS OF {111} ATOMIC PLANES IN SILICON

V. A. Phillips and J. A. Hugo

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 67 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652510 (2 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Using a Philips EM300 electron microscope and chemically thinned slices cut from a single crystal of silicon, the {111} atomic planes of 3.138‐Å spacing have been imaged. A two‐beam tilted illumination technique was employed.

HIGH FIELD CHARACTERISTICS OF Nb3(Al, Ge)

L. D. Hartsough, V. F. Zackay, and E. R. Parker

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 68 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652511 (4 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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The Jc vs H curve for Nb3(Al0.8Ge0.2) was measured and compared with that of the binary compound Nb3Al. The Nb☒Al☒Ge alloy curve had a ``peak'' and its resistive critical magnetic field, Hr(J = 0), was above 220 kG at 4.2°K. The composition of the ternary alloy was determined and found to be closer to the ideal 3:1 atomic ratio than that of the binary alloy.

DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF PICOSECOND LIFETIMES

Richard I. Scarlet, Joseph F. Figueira, and Herbert Mahr

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 71 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652512 (3 pages) | Cited 30 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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A lifetime in the picosecond range of a nonradiatively damped electronic transition in an organic dye was measured. The method utilizes picosecond pulses from a Q‐switched, mode‐locked Nd‐glass laser.

OBSERVATION OF MICROSECOND HEAT PULSES IN LARGE MAGNETIC FIELDS

J. K. Wigmore

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 73 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652513 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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By means of a new type of heat pulse detector based on the avalanche phenomenon in a doped semiconductor, phonon pulses as short in duration as 0.1 μsec have been studied in magnetic fields up to 30 kOe. Measurements of phonon mean free path as a function of magnetic field have been made in MgO:Fe2+. This detector should make it possible to determine the frequency spectrum of a heat pulse for the first time.

EPITAXIAL SILVER HALIDE FILMS

L. E. Brady, J. W. Castle, and J. F. Hamilton

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 76 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652514 (3 pages) | Cited 13 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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Continuous, oriented films of AgBr and AgCl with either {200} or 111 surfaces can be made, by vacuum deposition, with thicknesses of 0.1 μ or greater. Discontinuous but self‐supporting AgI films can also be made, but only in the {111} orientation, and apparently containing some hexagonal as well as cubic AgI. AgBr films have an ionic conductivity that is evidently surface controlled, and is an order of magnitude greater for {111} films than for {200}.

POLARIZATION OF THE LIGHT EMITTED BY A NEODYMIUM‐GLASS LASER

Germain Chartier and René Laval

Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 78 (1968); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1652515 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 17 October 2003

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We study the polarization of the light emitted from a Nd‐glass laser in isotropic or anisotropic Fabry‐Perot resonators. Because of a coupling of orthogonally polarized waves inside the amplifying medium, the laser light is never fully polarized. We describe an experimental arrangement which allows measurements on this coupling during the laser emission. This coupling can be interpreted on the basis of pump‐induced stress birefringence; our data are in agreement with those of other authors.
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