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4 Jan 1988

Volume 52, Issue 1, pp. 1-83

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Thin‐film YBaCuO superconductors formed by Cu/BaO/Y2O3 layer structures

Chin‐An Chang, C. C. Tsuei, C. C. Chi, and T. R. McGuire

Appl. Phys. Lett. 52, 72 (1988); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99328 (3 pages) | Cited 18 times

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Thin‐film superconductors of the YBaCuO family have been formed using layer structures of Cu, BaO, and Y2O3 deposited on different substrates by electron beam evaporation. Using a thickness ratio of Cu, BaO, and Y2O3 layers off that of the stoichiometric YBa2Cu3O7 phase, superconducting films were formed on MgO and SrTiO3 substrates, with a Tc for zero resistance exceeding 77 K. The films were found to be composed of the superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 phase and the green Y2BaCuO7 phase, with the excessive Cu repelled to the surface in an oxidized form. The studies also provide information on the dependence of the superconducting transition on the annealing temperatures and the substrates used.
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74.78.-w Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures
74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates
68.65.-k Low-dimensional, mesoscopic, nanoscale and other related systems: structure and nonelectronic properties
81.15.-z Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy

Radii broadening due to molecular collision in focused ion beams

Masanori Komuro

Appl. Phys. Lett. 52, 75 (1988); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99329 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

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Point exposures of poly(methyl methacrylate) resist are carried out with focused ion beams of Si++ and Au++ from a liquid AuSi ion source in order to obtain a current density distribution in the probe. All the distributions are composed of a main Gaussian distribution and a long tail dependent on r−3.3 (r means radial distance). The magnitude of this tail increases with the increase in ambient pressure of the ion‐drifting space. When the probe is steered at the corner of deflection field, two types of clear ghost patterns appear: (1) circular patterns and (2) lines trailing from the main spot toward the deflection center. It is revealed that they are produced by exposures to ions or energetic neutrals generated with charge transfer collision of the primary ions with residual gas molecules. It is shown that the long tail in the current density distribution is also due to scattering with the residual gas molecules.
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41.75.Ak Positive-ion beams
41.75.Cn Negative-ion beams
79.20.Rf Atomic, molecular, and ion beam impact and interactions with surfaces
34.70.+e Charge transfer
82.30.Fi Ion-molecule, ion-ion, and charge-transfer reactions

Magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator

M. Collins Clark, Barry M. Marder, and Larry D. Bacon

Appl. Phys. Lett. 52, 78 (1988); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99330 (3 pages) | Cited 21 times

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The magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator (MILO) is a concept for producing very high‐power microwave pulses. It is based on the relativistic flow of electrons in a magnetically insulated transmission line on which a slow wave structure, typically thin metal vanes, has been imposed. Its geometry is similar to that of a linear magnetron or crossed‐field amplifier. In the MILO, however, the magnetic field which insulates the diode is produced by the electron flow itself rather than being imposed by external coils. This eliminates the need to match the applied voltage to the magnetic field. Because both the insulating magnetic field and accelerating voltage are produced by the same source, the device can be run at high voltages without electrical breakdown.
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84.40.Az Waveguides, transmission lines, striplines
84.30.Ng Oscillators, pulse generators, and function generators
84.70.+p High-current and high-voltage technology: power systems; power transmission lines and cables

Formation of polymer films by pulsed laser evaporation

S. G. Hansen and T. E. Robitaille

Appl. Phys. Lett. 52, 81 (1988); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99332 (3 pages) | Cited 71 times

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Films were produced by pulsed laser evaporation of various solid polymer targets in vacuum. Smooth films and relatively low deposition power thresholds (<107 W/cm2 peak) were observed for strongly absorbed ultraviolet wavelengths. Poorly absorbed wavelengths gave powdery deposits. For many polymers the evaporation process did not significantly alter the chemical structure, but the molecular weight was reduced.
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81.15.-z Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy
81.05.Lg Polymers and plastics; rubber; synthetic and natural fibers; organometallic and organic materials
81.15.Jj Ion and electron beam-assisted deposition; ion plating
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