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1 Oct 1990

Volume 57, Issue 14, pp. 1375-1469

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Molecular beam epitaxial growth of CdTe on 5‐in.‐diam Si (100)

R. Sporken, M. D. Lange, C. Masset, and J. P. Faurie

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1449 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103366 (3 pages) | Cited 16 times

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CdTe (111)B films with a 5 in. diameter have been grown on Si (100) substrates. They were characterized by in situ electron diffraction, x‐ray diffraction, and low‐temperature photoluminescence. The layer thickness was measured across two diameters with infrared transmission, and a standard deviation of 2.3% is obtained. This demonstrates the possibility of producing CdTe layers with a 5 in. diameter with excellent uniformity in terms of thickness and crystalline quality. Moreover, this demonstrates the potential for molecular beam epitaxial growth of other materials on large‐area substrates. In fact, these are the largest monocrystalline layers of a II‐VI semiconductor material ever grown by any technique.
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81.15.Hi Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
78.55.Et II-VI semiconductors

rf plasma‐generated superconducting Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x films

A. Shah, S. Patel, E. Narumi, and D. T. Shaw

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1452 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104124 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

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Using an inductively coupled rf plasma operated at atmospheric pressure, superconducting thin films of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x have been grown in situ on single‐crystal yttria‐stabilized zirconia [100] from an aerosol precursor. X‐ray diffraction and rocking curve results indicate that the films are highly c‐axis oriented normal to the substrate with a lattice constant of 11.67–11.68 Å. The full width at half maximum of these films ranges from 0.55° to 1.0°. The films have typical Tc’s of 86 K and Jc’s in excess of 105 A/cm2 at 77 K and zero field; magnetic measurements reveal an anisotropy of 3:1 at 69 K. The dependence of the processing parameters on the transport properties of the superconducting films is discussed.
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81.15.Gh Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, ALD, etc.)
74.78.-w Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures
74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates
74.25.Ha Magnetic properties including vortex structures and related phenomena

Microstructure and critical current density of zone melt textured YBa2Cu3O6+x

P. McGinn, W. Chen, N. Zhu, M. Lanagan, and U. Balachandran

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1455 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104125 (3 pages) | Cited 63 times

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Zone melting has been used to produce texture in extruded YBa2Cu3O6+x wires. Highly aligned microstructures are produced with a‐b planes oriented along the axis of the wires. Microstructural observations show that changes in alignment orientation can occur, and can result in the inability to carry a transport current. Pulsed transport Jc measurements on oriented samples indicate a zero field critical current density greater than 4×104 A/cm2.
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74.25.Ha Magnetic properties including vortex structures and related phenomena
74.25.Sv Critical currents
74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates
85.25.Qc Superconducting surface acoustic wave devices and other superconducting devices

Phase decomposition and structural defects in a Y‐Ba‐Cu‐O superconductor

R. Ramesh, S. Jin, S. Nakahara, and T. H. Tiefel

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1458 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104126 (3 pages) | Cited 27 times

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Phase decomposition of a bulk Y2Ba4Cu8O16 superconductor has been studied. The microstructure of the sample is heavily faulted and contains many stacking defects, including a new ‘‘125’’ structure. It is likely that these fine‐scale (10–30 Å thick) stacking defects are responsible for the significantly improved flux pinning in the phase‐decomposed sample. It is proposed that the decomposition process begins with the reaction ‘‘248’’ 0><fv/0 ‘‘123’’+‘‘125’’, which could possibly occur by a spontaneous, short‐range diffusion reaction. Further decomposition involves gradual removal of the extra CuO chains by long‐range diffusion to produce a mixture of ‘‘123’’+CuO.
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74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates
74.25.Ha Magnetic properties including vortex structures and related phenomena
74.25.-q Properties of superconductors

Tl2Ca1Ba2Cu2O8+x high Tc superconductors processed by the sol‐gel technique

G. Kordas and M. R. Teepe

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1461 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103367 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

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Tl2Ca1Ba2Cu2O8+x high Tc superconductors were developed using a new alkoxide sol‐gel system. Barium‐, calcium‐, thallium‐methoxyethoxide and Cu(II) ethoxide precursors were used for the formation of homogeneous sols. Solubility of the Cu(II) ethoxide was aided by using a 2‐methoxyethanol/methyl ethylketone/toluene solvent system. The sols were characterized by small‐angle x‐ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The average particle size was 50 nm and the fractal dimension of these particles was 1.8. Powders were produced by rotary evaporation followed by thermal treatment in a closed container with excess thallium at 900 °C for various calcination times. Powders were characterized by x‐ray diffraction, resistivity, and magnetic susceptibility measurements, and chemical analysis. Samples exhibited transition temperatures between 100 and 110 K depending upon the processing conditions.
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74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates
81.20.Ev Powder processing: powder metallurgy, compaction, sintering, mechanical alloying, and granulation
81.05.Je Ceramics and refractories (including borides, carbides, hydrides, nitrides, oxides, and silicides)
74.25.Sv Critical currents
74.62.Bf Effects of material synthesis, crystal structure, and chemical composition

Giant microwave losses in a YBaCuO bicrystal

E. J. Pakulis and S. E. Blum

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1464 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104127 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

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We have observed a large peak in microwave losses, as a function of temperature, in a superconducting Y1Ba2Cu3O7 bicrystal containing a large‐area, low‐angle grain boundary. The maximum observed loss was approximately twice the normal state loss. We attribute the peak to enhanced losses occurring within the grain boundary due to the concentration of microwave field lines in the boundary as they are expelled from the superconducting regions. At high microwave powers, bistability in the absorption was observed, resulting in hysteretic absorption curves as a function of both T and magnetic field H.
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74.25.N- Response to electromagnetic fields
74.25.Ha Magnetic properties including vortex structures and related phenomena
74.25.Uv Vortex phases (includes vortex lattices, vortex liquids, and vortex glasses)

In situ observations of optical emission spectra in the diamond deposition environment of arc discharge plasma chemical vapor deposition

Fangqing Zhang, Yafei Zhang, Yinghu Yang, Guanghua Chen, and Xiangliu Jiang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1467 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103368 (3 pages) | Cited 9 times

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In order to investigate the growth mechanism of diamond thin films, the in situ optical emission spectra of direct current (dc) arc discharge plasma, including the spatial distributions and different CH4/H2 ratios, have been measured during the growth processes of diamond thin films prepared by the dc arc discharge plasma chemical vapor deposition method. The results show that there are a great number of atomic hydrogens in the arc discharge plasma. This is the key factor for the growth of diamond films with a high rate and high quality. In addition, the effects of the CH4/H2 ratio on the quality of diamond films are discussed in detail in this letter.
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81.15.Gh Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, ALD, etc.)
81.15.-z Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
52.70.Kz Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements
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