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20 Aug 1990

Volume 57, Issue 8, pp. 739-838

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Shock‐induced superconductivity of Tl2Ba2CuO6

Masae Kikuchi, Yasuhiko Syono, Norio Kobayashi, Takeo Oku, Eiji Aoyagi, Kenji Hiraga, Keiji Kusaba, Toshiyuki Atou, Ayako Tokiwa, Kiyoto Fukuoka, and Satoru Nakajima

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 813 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104260 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

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Shock‐loading experiments were done for as‐prepared nonsuperconducting specimens of Tl2Ba2CuO6. The shocked specimens which were encased in the stainless‐steel container with small holes exhibited a superconductivity of about Tc−75 K at 18 GPa, indicating that the overdoping state was released by oxygen loss during shock‐loading. The x‐ray powder diffraction pattern of the recovered specimens after shock‐loading showed broadening of diffraction lines and a distortion to the orthorhombic symmetry. A transmission electron microscope image of the shocked specimen in which the orthorhombic distortion was observed in the x‐ray powder diffraction patterns showed a twin structure.
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74.25.Uv Vortex phases (includes vortex lattices, vortex liquids, and vortex glasses)
74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates
74.25.N- Response to electromagnetic fields

Proximity coupling effect in NbTi fine‐multifilamentary superconducting composites

Kaname Matsumoto, Shirabe Akita, Yasuzo Tanaka, and Osami Tsukamoto

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 816 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103429 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

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In order to shed light on the proximity effect in fine multifilamentary wires with NbTi filaments, measurements of magnetic susceptibility were conducted at 4.2 K for various values of electrical resistivity of the matrix between filaments, of the distances between filaments, and of the applied magnetic field strength. It was confirmed experimentally that in weak fields (10 mT or less), the critical distance for the occurrence of proximity coupling was several multiples of the characteristic leak distance of Cooper pairs in normally conductive metal, and that when the distances between filaments were large, the breakdown field decreased exponentially, irrespective of the electrical resistivity of the matrix.
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74.50.+r Tunneling phenomena; Josephson effects
74.25.Ha Magnetic properties including vortex structures and related phenomena
74.25.Sv Critical currents
74.62.Bf Effects of material synthesis, crystal structure, and chemical composition

Atomic layer by atomic layer growth of DyBaCuO superconducting thin films by molecular beam epitaxy

A. Schuhl, R. Cabanel, S. Lequien, B. Ghyselen, S. Tyč, G. Creuzet, and J. Siejka

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 819 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103430 (3 pages) | Cited 12 times

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Superconducting thin films of DyBaCuO have been achieved by molecular beam epitaxy. The films are strongly oriented with the c axis perpendicular to the substrate, and currently reach R=0 between 70 and 80 K. Critical temperatures (R=0) up to 50 K were obtained on 150‐Å‐thick films deposited atomic layer by atomic layer. These films present a flat surface as observed by high‐energy electron diffraction. We show that in this process, a nominal 1:2:3 composition is not sufficient for the obtention of flat superconducting film. A good accuracy in the number of atoms deposited for each atomic layer is required.
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81.15.Hi Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy
74.78.-w Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures
68.65.-k Low-dimensional, mesoscopic, nanoscale and other related systems: structure and nonelectronic properties

Influence of substrate temperature on the orientation of YBa2Cu3O7 films

W. Shi, J. Shi, J. Sun, W. Yao, and Zh. Qi

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 822 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104261 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

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The structural characteristics of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thin films were investigated by x‐ray diffractometry. Films with good preferred orientation (001) and high Tc0 (86–90 K) can be prepared in situ using the dc magnetron sputtering method. For the films prepared on the ZrO2 (stabilized with Y2O3) substrate at a substrate temperature (Ts) less than 700 °C, there are different orientations and the degree of random orientation will decrease with increasing Ts. YBCO films with (001) can be obtained on ZrO2 with different crystal planes, such as (100), (110), and (111) at suitable temperature (760–850 °C). From the results it could be concluded that the YBCO film growth with c‐axis orientation mainly depends on the substrate temperature Ts.
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81.15.Cd Deposition by sputtering
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates
74.78.-w Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures

Epitaxial Tl2CaBa2Cu2O8 thin films with low 9.6 GHz surface resistance at high power and above 77 K

R. B. Hammond, G. V. Negrete, L. C. Bourne, D. D. Strother, A. H. Cardona, and M. M. Eddy

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 825 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104262 (3 pages) | Cited 46 times

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We report measurements of the dc and microwave properties of epitaxial thin films of Tl2CaBa2Cu2O8 on LaAlO3. ac magnetic susceptibility measurements yield critical temperatures at the transition midpoint Tc∼100 K and 10–90% transition widths of ∼1.0 K. We observed a critical current density of 1.06×106 A/cm2 at 77 K measured by dc transport. We measured a low‐power surface resistance of Rs=0.2 mΩ at 9.55 GHz and 77 K. This is ∼50 times lower than oxygen‐free high‐conductivity (OFHC) Cu at the same frequency and temperature. At 90 K, RS rises to 0.4 mΩ, and at 95 K, RS=0.7 mΩ. We measured the microwave power dependence of RS at 77, 90, and 95 K. At high microwave field (≳30 G, 77 K) Rs=0.8 mΩ, more than ten times lower than OFHC Cu.
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74.70.-b Superconducting materials other than cuprates
74.78.-w Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures
74.25.N- Response to electromagnetic fields
74.25.Sv Critical currents

Operation of logic gate using YBa2Cu3O7−x/Ag/Pb‐In superconducting weak links

T. Nishino, Y. Tarutani, H. Hasegawa, T. Fukazawa, S. Saitoh, H. Nakane, and U. Kawabe

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 828 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103403 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

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A logic gate has been fabricated with the partial use of high‐temperature superconducting films and tested to study digital applications of such films. The logic gate consists of three YBa2Cu3O7−x/Ag/Pb‐In superconducting weak links and three inductors. The current‐voltage characteristics of the weak links are nonhysteristic. The logic gate successfully provides and and or logic results for two external digital inputs at 4.2 K.
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74.50.+r Tunneling phenomena; Josephson effects
85.25.Dq Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs)
85.25.Cp Josephson devices
84.30.-r Electronic circuits

Pick‐up coil as a tool of measuring spin‐lattice relaxation under electron spin resonance condition at high magnetic fields

T. Strutz, A. M. Witowski, R. E. M. de Bekker, and P. Wyder

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 831 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103404 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

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A new method of measuring the spin‐lattice relaxation time in solids under far‐infrared electron spin resonance condition is presented. The method is illustrated on Cd1−xMnxTe mixed crystals where the magnetization is due to the Mn2+ spins. The temperature dependence of the spin‐lattice relaxation time is studied for a composition of x=0.005.
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76.30.Fc Iron group (3d) ions and impurities (Ti-Cu)
78.20.Ls Magneto-optical effects
78.47.-p Spectroscopy of solid state dynamics

Manufacture and performances of rhodium/carbon multilayer x‐ray mirrors

Pierre Boher, Philippe Houdy, Pierre Kaïkati, Mustapha Ouahabi, and Robert Barchewitz

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 834 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103405 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

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A diode rf‐sputtering technique was used to produce Rh/C multilayers for application in the soft‐x‐ray domain. In situ kinetic ellipsometry is used to calibrate the deposition rates and to analyze precisely the interface structure formation. Grazing x‐ray reflectivity at the Cu‐Kα line (1.54 Å), and absolute soft‐x‐ray reflectivity at the Cu‐Lα line (13.33 Å) and at the C‐Kα line (44.7 Å) are also measured on the same multilayers. A model which assumes a quasi‐sharp C‐Rh interface (4 Å thick) and a diffused Rh‐C interface (22 Å) in the stack is used to fit the reflectivity curves at the three experimental wavelengths. Reflectivities as high as 22% at 13.3 Å and 24% at 44.7 Å were measured on a 17‐period multilayer structure having a period of ≂69 Å.
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07.85.-m X- and γ-ray instruments
42.25.Fx Diffraction and scattering
78.70.Ck X-ray scattering
FREE

Comment on ‘‘New class of unstable orbits of the equilibrium electrons in free‐electron lasers’’ [Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 1380 (1989)]

Changbiao Wang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 837 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103406 (1 page)

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A recent claim of a new class of unstable orbits in free electron lasers when the radial self‐electric field and azimuthal self‐magnetic field are considered is disputed. The choice of the self‐fields of the electron beam is questioned. (AIP)
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41.75.Fr Electron and positron beams
41.60.Cr Free-electron lasers
FREE

Response to ‘‘Comment on ‘New class of unstable orbits of the equilibrium electrons in a free‐electron laser’ ’’ [Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 837 (1990)]

Shi‐Chang Zhang and Zhong Zhang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 837 (1990); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103407 (2 pages)

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The authors defined their calculation against the comments of the preceding letter. (AIP)
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41.75.Fr Electron and positron beams
41.60.Cr Free-electron lasers
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