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23 Nov 1998

Volume 73, Issue 21, pp. 3025-3166

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Generation of a plasma waveguide in an elongated, high repetition rate gas jet

J. Fan, T. R. Clark, and H. M. Milchberg

Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3064 (1998); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122673 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

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We demonstrate a pulsed gas nozzle which can produce uniform, greater than 1-cm-long gas jets with peak equivalent pressures up to several hundred Torr at a distance up to ∼3 mm from the nozzle exit. Time-resolved electron density profiles are presented for 1.2-cm-long uniform plasma waveguides produced in an axicon line focus in this jet at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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52.40.Fd Plasma interactions with antennas; plasma-filled waveguides
52.50.Jm Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)

Asymptotic decay of radius of a weakly conductive viscous jet in an external electric field

A. F. Spivak and Y. A. Dzenis

Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3067 (1998); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122674 (3 pages) | Cited 38 times

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Motion of a weakly conductive viscous jet accelerated by an external electric field is considered. Nonlinear rheological constitutive equation applicable for polymer fluids (Oswald–deWaele law) is applied. A differential equation for the variation of jet radius with axial coordinate is derived. Asymptotic variation of the jet radius at large distances from the jet origin is analyzed. It is found that the well-known power-law asymptote for Newtonian fluids with the exponent 1/4 holds for more general class of fluids, i.e., pseudoplastic (shear thinning) and dilatant (shear thickening) fluids with the flow index between 0 and 2. Dilatant fluids with the flow index greater than 2 exhibit power-law asymptotes with the exponents depending on the flow index. Results can be applied for the analysis of viscous polymer jets in the electrospinning process. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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47.65.-d Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics
47.27.wg Turbulent jets

Anisotropic dielectric properties of structured electrorheological fluids

Weijia Wen, Hongru Ma, Wing Yim Tam, and Ping Sheng

Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3070 (1998); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122675 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

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We present an approach to monitor the structure-induced anisotropic dielectric properties of electrorheological fluids. The particles used are made from uniform glass microspheres coated with an inner magnetic layer and an outer dielectric layer. Under an applied magnetic field, the particles are found to form columnar structures with a body-centered-tetragonal crystalline arrangement inside the columns. It is shown that the structure-induced dielectric constant can be consistently explained through first-principles calculations. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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83.80.Gv Electro- and magnetorheological fluids
77.22.Ch Permittivity (dielectric function)
82.70.Kj Emulsions and suspensions
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