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22 Feb 1999

Volume 74, Issue 8, pp. 1057-1183

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Submicron stacked-junction fabrication from Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ whiskers by focused-ion-beam etching

S.-J. Kim, Yu. I. Latyshev, and T. Yamashita

Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1156 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123472 (3 pages) | Cited 64 times

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We fabricated submicron-sized intrinsic Josephson junctions by the focused-ion-beam (FIB) etching method. The principal result was a reduction of the in-plane junction area to 0.3 μm2 by direct FIB etching with no degradation in the critical transition temperature (Tc). In the current (I)–voltage (V) characteristics of these stacks, the gap structure and the normal state resistance are clearly observed together with a reduction of the Joule heating and disappearance of the branch structure. The Coulomb staircase structure was found in the I–V curves of submicron junctions as a result of their small effective capacitance of fF order. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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74.72.-h Cuprate superconductors
74.78.-w Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures
74.25.Jb Electronic structure (photoemission, etc.)
74.50.+r Tunneling phenomena; Josephson effects
68.70.+w Whiskers and dendrites (growth, structure, and nonelectronic properties)
52.77.Bn Etching and cleaning
52.77.Dq Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition
81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning

Effect of the elastic modulus of the matrix on magnetostrictive strain in composites

Y. Chen, J. E. Snyder, C. R. Schwichtenberg, K. W. Dennis, D. K. Falzgraf, R. W. McCallum, and D. C. Jiles

Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1159 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123473 (3 pages) | Cited 30 times

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The effect of the matrix material on the magnetostriction of composites containing highly magnetostrictive particles has been studied. Experimental results showed that the elastic modulus of the matrix is an important factor determining the bulk magnetostriction of the composite. For a series of composites with the same volume fraction of magnetostrictive particles but different matrix materials, the bulk magnetostriction was found to increase systematically with decreasing elastic modulus of the matrix. A model theory for the magnetostriction of such composites has been developed, based on two limiting assumptions: uniform strain or uniform stress inside the composite. The theory was then used to predict the magnetostriction of the entire material from the volume fractions of the components, their elastic moduli and magnetostrictions. These predictions were in agreement with the experimental results. It is concluded that to obtain a high magnetostriction and adequate mechanical properties of a composite, the elastic moduli of the magnetostrictive phase and the matrix should be as close as possible in value. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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75.80.+q Magnetomechanical effects, magnetostriction
62.20.D- Elasticity
81.40.Jj Elasticity and anelasticity, stress-strain relations
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