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1 Mar 1999

Volume 74, Issue 9, pp. 1191-1347

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Ultrahigh-density atomic force microscopy data storage with erase capability

G. Binnig, M. Despont, U. Drechsler, W. Häberle, M. Lutwyche, P. Vettiger, H. J. Mamin, B. W. Chui, and T. W. Kenny

Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1329 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123540 (3 pages) | Cited 103 times

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We report a simple atomic force microscopy-based concept for a hard disk-like data storage technology. Thermomechanical writing by heating a Si cantilever in contact with a spinning polycarbonate disk has already been reported. Here the medium has been replaced with a thin polymer layer on a Si substrate, resulting in significant improvements in storage density. With this new medium, we achieve bit sizes of 10–50 nm, leading to data densities of 500 Gbit/in.2. We also demonstrate a novel high-speed and high-resolution thermal readback method, which uses the same Si cantilevers that are used in the writing process, and the capability to erase and rewrite data features repeatedly. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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07.79.Lh Atomic force microscopes
07.10.Cm Micromechanical devices and systems
68.60.Bs Mechanical and acoustical properties
68.60.Dv Thermal stability; thermal effects

Microscale lithography via channel stamping: Relationships between capillarity, channel filling, and debonding

P. M. Moran and F. F. Lange

Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1332 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123541 (3 pages) | Cited 27 times

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A polymer or metallo-organic precursor solution may be transferred from the channels of a stamp to a substrate producing a micron or submicron scale pattern. The stamped polymer pattern is used as a mask for device fabrication. The stamped metallo-organic precursor solution is heat treated to produce a metal or ceramic pattern directly. Here we report conditions that optimize the filling of channels, the debonding of the solution from the channels during evaporation, and the transfer of the pattern to a substrate. We show that poor wetting can optimize these conditions. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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85.40.Hp Lithography, masks and pattern transfer
68.03.Cd Surface tension and related phenomena
81.40.Gh Other heat and thermomechanical treatments
64.70.F- Liquid-vapor transitions
68.08.Bc Wetting

A four-color quantum well infrared photodetector

M. Z. Tidrow, Xudong Jiang, Sheng S. Li, and K. Bacher

Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1335 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123542 (3 pages) | Cited 14 times

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A four-color quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) has been demonstrated in this work. Four stacks of quantum well structures with four different detection wavelengths are sandwiched among three highly doped contact layers. The peak wavelengths of the four colors are centered at 4.7, 8.5, 9, and 12.3 μm. The 4.7 and 8.5 μm stacks are separated from the 9 and 12.3 μm stacks by a middle ohmic contact layer, and the change of peak detection wavelengths within the two-stack QWIPs is achieved by varying the bias voltage. Four different combinations of two-color simultaneous reading can be obtained. The detector could achieve simultaneous reading of four colors by adding two extra contact layers to the design with appropriate readout circuitry. By using a small number of quantum wells, we are able to use all four stacks for voltage-tunable detection with two terminals. In spite of using InGaAs/AlGaAs and GaAs/AlGaAs materials in the four stacks, the device shows excellent material quality and performance characteristics. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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07.57.Kp Bolometers; infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave receivers and detectors
85.60.Gz Photodetectors (including infrared and CCD detectors)
85.35.Be Quantum well devices (quantum dots, quantum wires, etc.)
78.66.Fd III-V semiconductors
78.30.Fs III-V and II-VI semiconductors
07.60.Dq Photometers, radiometers, and colorimeters

High-density three-dimensional optical data storage in a stacked compact disk format with two-photon writing and single photon readout

Haridas E. Pudavar, Mukesh P. Joshi, Paras N. Prasad, and Bruce A. Reinhardt

Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1338 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123543 (3 pages) | Cited 77 times

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Using a polymer block doped with a highly efficient two-photon dye, we have achieved a high density data storage with gray-scale control in multiple planes as stacked compact disks at a separation of 10 μm. The absorption and fluorescence of the dye at the written spot shift to a longer wavelength, permitting an easy fluorescence mode readout with a linear excitation using an inexpensive laser source. The storage capacity in this case is estimated to be 1012 bits/cm3. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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42.79.Vb Optical storage systems, optical disks
42.70.Jk Polymers and organics
78.55.Kz Solid organic materials
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