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16 Aug 1999

Volume 75, Issue 7, pp. 885-1026

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Single pulse nm-size grating formation in polymers using laser ablation with an irradiation wavelength of 355 nm

T. Lippert, T. Gerber, A. Wokaun, D. J. Funk, H. Fukumura, and M. Goto

Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1018 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124584 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

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Laser ablation at 355 nm of a specially designed polymer was used as a true single step dry-etching process to create a two-beam interference grating. Gratings with groove spacings of 180 and 1090 nm were created with single laser pulses. Moreover, by varying the laser fluence and/or the angle between the two beams, variable modulation frequencies (depth/spacing) could be obtained. Additional pulses deteriorated the grating quality, demonstrating the importance of the single pulse approach. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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42.70.Jk Polymers and organics
42.79.Dj Gratings
81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning
61.80.Ba Ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation effects (including laser radiation)
42.86.+b Optical workshop techniques

Control of the initial oxidation on Cu(001) surface by selection of translational energy of O2 molecules

Masanori Yata and Hervé Rouch

Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1021 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124585 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

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In the initial oxidation of Cu(001) by O2, the surface is oxidized in a layer-by-layer manner up to one monolayer, followed by Cu2O islanding. The layer-by-layer oxidation is promoted by the increasing translational energy of incident O2 and is insensitive to surface temperature. By contrast, the formation of Cu2O is promoted by the decreasing translational energy of incident O2 and by increasing surface temperature in the temperature range between room temperature and 650 K. Our results demonstrate controllable initial oxidation by the adjustment of the translational energy of O2, offering the prospect of using this approach to aid in the development of new fabrication of metal oxide and Si devices. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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81.65.Mq Oxidation

Thermal conveyers

M. Borromeo and F. Marchesoni

Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1024 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124586 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

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A tunable noise rectifier is construed in which the net output current results from the interplay of equilibrium thermal noise and a pulsated amplitude modulation propagating along a periodic potential (thermal conveyer). The transport efficiency of such a device attains its maximum for an optimal value of the temperature and the pulse speed. A thermal conveyer whose modulation parameters depend on the output current, may operate as an active noise rectifier for an appropriate setting of the control parameters. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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85.80.Fi Thermoelectric devices
05.40.Jc Brownian motion
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