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23 Aug 1999

Volume 75, Issue 8, pp. 1033-1181

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Chemomagnetic fields produced by solid combustion reactions

M. D. Nersesyan, J. R. Claycomb, Q. Ming, J. H. Miller, J. T. Richardson, and Dan Luss

Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1170 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124632 (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

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We report here the observation of chemomagnetism, generation of a magnetic field by rapid high-temperature solid reactions producing various oxides. The low-level transient magnetic fields were measured with a high-Tc superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer during the synthesis of both nonferromagnetic and ferromagnetic (ferrite) compounds. The magnetic field was most likely produced by chemoionization processes generated by the moving high-temperature reaction zone. The permanent magnetic field formed by the synthesis of ferromagnetic materials depended on the difference between the combustion temperature and the Curie temperature of the product. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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82.33.Vx Reactions in flames, combustion, and explosions
07.55.Db Generation of magnetic fields; magnets
75.90.+w Other topics in magnetic properties and materials (restricted to new topics in section 75)
81.05.Je Ceramics and refractories (including borides, carbides, hydrides, nitrides, oxides, and silicides)

High-density InAs nanowires realized in situ on (100) InP

Hanxuan Li, Ju Wu, Zhanguo Wang, and Theda Daniels-Race

Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1173 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124633 (3 pages) | Cited 35 times

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High-density InAs nanowires embedded in an In0.52Al0.48As matrix are fabricated in situ by molecular beam epitaxy on (100) InP. The average cross section of the nanowires is 4.5×10 nm2. The linear density is as high as 70 wires/μm. The spatial alignment of the multilayer arrays exhibit strong anticorrelation in the growth direction. Large polarization anisotropic effect is observed in polarized photoluminescence measurements. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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68.65.-k Low-dimensional, mesoscopic, nanoscale and other related systems: structure and nonelectronic properties
78.66.Fd III-V semiconductors
81.15.Hi Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy
73.21.-b Electron states and collective excitations in multilayers, quantum wells, mesoscopic, and nanoscale systems
85.35.Be Quantum well devices (quantum dots, quantum wires, etc.)
78.55.Cr III-V semiconductors
81.05.Ea III-V semiconductors

Thermoelectromechanical refrigeration based on transient thermoelectric effects

A. Miner, A. Majumdar, and U. Ghoshal

Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1176 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124634 (3 pages) | Cited 20 times

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This letter introduces the concept of a thermoelectromechanical cooler (TEMC), which modifies a traditional thermoelectric cooler (TEC) by using intermittent contact of a mechanical element synchronized with an applied pulsed current. Using Bi2Te3 as the thermoelectric material, it is predicted that the maximum temperature drop across a TEMC operated under zero applied heat flux is about 35% higher than that of a TEC. This effectively increases the thermoelectric figure of merit for maximum temperature differential applications by a factor of 1.8. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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07.20.Mc Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment
84.60.Rb Thermoelectric, electrogasdynamic and other direct energy conversion
72.20.Pa Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects

Effects of O2, H2, and N2 gases on the field emission properties of diamond-coated microtips

S. C. Lim, R. E. Stallcup, I. A. Akwani, and J. M. Perez

Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1179 (1999); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124636 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

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We report the effects of O2, H2, and N2 residual gases on the field emission properties of uncoated and diamond-coated individual Mo microtips. The microtips are made using electrochemical etching techniques and positioned 5 μm from the anode using a scanning tunneling microscopy system. We observe that the field emission (FE) current and turn-on voltage of diamond-coated microtips are significantly less degraded by O2 exposure than those of uncoated Mo microtips. H2 exposure enhances the FE properties of both uncoated and diamond-coated microtips, while N2 exposure does not have any significant effect. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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85.45.Db Field emitters and arrays, cold electron emitters
79.70.+q Field emission, ionization, evaporation, and desorption
07.79.Cz Scanning tunneling microscopes
81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning
81.05.Bx Metals, semimetals, and alloys
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