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16 Apr 2001

Volume 78, Issue 16, pp. 2267-2404

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Direct measurement of the attenuation of capillary waves by laser interferometry: Noncontact determination of viscosity

F. Behroozi, B. Lambert, and B. Buhrow

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2399 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1365413 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

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The determination of viscosity from the damping of capillary waves has been of great interest, as it affords the possibility of measuring viscosity without contact with the fluid. Here we describe a noncontact method for precision measurement of the amplitude of capillary waves on fluids. The technique utilizes a miniature laser interferometer to map the wave profile with a resolution of about 10 nm. We use this technique to obtain the dispersion and attenuation of capillary waves on water as a test case. Furthermore, the attenuation data is used to obtain the viscosity of water as a function of temperature. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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47.35.-i Hydrodynamic waves
66.20.-d Viscosity of liquids; diffusive momentum transport
47.80.-v Instrumentation and measurement methods in fluid dynamics
42.62.Eh Metrological applications; optical frequency synthesizers for precision spectroscopy

Mechanisms for O2 dissociation during pulsed-laser ablation and deposition

A. Camposeo, F. Cervelli, F. Fuso, M. Allegrini, and E. Arimondo

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2402 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1366363 (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

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We investigate different dissociation mechanisms for O2 gas during pulsed-laser ablation and deposition. Mesaurements are carried out by using an in situ diagnostics based on absorption spectroscopy of oxygen gas, with space- and time-resolved capabilities, during laser ablation of a metal alloy target in the presence of an oxygen environment. Data, analyzed as a function of ablation parameters, indicate that two different mechanisms, involving electron collisions and formation of a high-density, high-temperature shock layer, play an important role in producing atomic oxygen which can subsequently react with the ablated species. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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79.20.Ds Laser-beam impact phenomena
82.50.Hp Processes caused by visible and UV light
82.30.Lp Decomposition reactions (pyrolysis, dissociation, and fragmentation)
33.80.Gj Diffuse spectra; predissociation, photodissociation
34.80.Ht Dissociation and dissociative attachment
81.15.Fg Pulsed laser ablation deposition
61.80.Ba Ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation effects (including laser radiation)
81.65.-b Surface treatments
07.57.-c Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave instruments and equipment
07.60.-j Optical instruments and equipment
82.40.Fp Shock wave initiated reactions, high-pressure chemistry
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