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23 Apr 2001

Volume 78, Issue 17, pp. 2417-2603

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Low-temperature scanning probe microscopy of surface and subsurface charges

Markus Vogel, Bernhard Stein, Håkan Pettersson, and Khaled Karrai

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2592 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1360780 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

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The operation of a cryogenic scanning force microscope is demonstrated with a sensitivity of about 50 fN/math at 5 kHz modulation. This microscope is used as an electrometer in noncontact mode in order to map the local electrostatic forces and capacitance of several nanostructures at 4.2 K. Capacitance imaging of nanostructured surfaces with subatto-Farad resolution is demonstrated. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
Show PACS
07.79.Lh Atomic force microscopes
68.37.Ps Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
07.20.Mc Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment
07.68.+m Photography, photographic instruments; xerography
07.60.Ly Interferometers

Surface electronic structure of plasma-treated indium tin oxides

H. Y. Yu, X. D. Feng, D. Grozea, Z. H. Lu, R. N. S. Sodhi, A-M. Hor, and H. Aziz

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2595 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367897 (3 pages) | Cited 64 times

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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to study the electronic structures of indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces treated by O+, Ar+, and NHx+ plasmas. The XPS data show that there is a significant change in core level energies (In 3d5/2 O 1s, and Sn 3d5/2), in donor concentration (Sn4+), in valence band maximums (VBM), and in work functions on ITO surfaces being treated by O+ and NHx+ plasmas, compared with that of virgin and Ar+ plasma treated surfaces. Based on these experimental data, a surface band-bending theory is proposed. The theory explains that when Fermi energy of the plasma-treated surface is shifted towards the middle of the band gap: core levels will shift their energies to lower binding energies, VBM will bend upward, and work function will increase, as observed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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73.20.At Surface states, band structure, electron density of states
79.60.Bm Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces
81.65.Ps Polishing, grinding, surface finishing
81.05.Hd Other semiconductors
73.30.+y Surface double layers, Schottky barriers, and work functions
52.77.Bn Etching and cleaning

Dissociative electron attachment rates for H2 and its isotopes

Y. Xu and I. I. Fabrikant

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2598 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1368191 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

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Dissociative electron attachment to rovibrationally excited H2, HD, HT, D2, DT, and T2 molecules in their ground electronic states via the 2Σu+ shape resonance is studied within the framework of the nonlocal resonance theory. Rate constants for selected processes are presented in the electron energy range up to 5 eV. Maximum rate of 2.8×10−8 cm3 s−1 is found for attachment to all these molecules. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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34.80.Ht Dissociation and dissociative attachment
34.80.Lx Recombination, attachment, and positronium formation
33.15.Mt Rotation, vibration, and vibration-rotation constants

Frictional properties of perfluoropolyether monolayers investigated with quartz resonators

Alexander Laschitsch, Larry E. Bailey, George W. Tyndall, Curtis W. Frank, and Diethelm Johannsmann

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2601 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1360781 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

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The high-frequency frictional properties of thin lubricating layers of perfluoropolyethers coated onto the surface of quartz-crystal resonators were probed by measuring the increase in resonance bandwidth when the quartz surface comes into contact with a ceramic sphere. For a lubricant thickness of up to 11 Å, a maximum in bandwidth is observed. The width and the height of the maximum decrease with increasing lubricant thickness. This is attributed to dissipation occurring during intermittent contact between the substrate and the sphere. With a 25 Å lubricant film the sphere discontinuously jumps into contact, after which the movements of the sphere and the quartz are locked. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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81.40.Pq Friction, lubrication, and wear
62.20.Qp Friction, tribology, and hardness
68.47.Pe Langmuir-Blodgett films on solids; polymers on surfaces; biological molecules on surfaces
61.41.+e Polymers, elastomers, and plastics
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