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23 Apr 2001

Volume 78, Issue 17, pp. 2417-2603

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Possible giant magnetoelectric effect of ferromagnetic rare-earth–iron-alloys-filled ferroelectric polymers

Ce Wen Nan, Ming Li, Xiqiao Feng, and Shouwen Yu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2527 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367293 (3 pages) | Cited 46 times

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Coupled magnetic–mechanical–electric effects in a composite with ferromagnetic rare-earth–iron alloys (e.g., Tb1−xDyxFe2) filled in ferroelectric polymers [e.g, poly(vinylidene-fluoride–trifluoroethylene) copolymer] are studied by using the Green’s function technique. Numerical results suggest a possible giant linear magnetoelectric effect in the ferroic polymer–matrix composite, which is markedly larger than that in the best-known magnetoelectric materials. In addition, the mechanically flexible composite exhibits large magnetostriction. The present results may stimulate further interest in the area of magnetoelectric materials for technological applications. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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75.50.Bb Fe and its alloys
75.80.+q Magnetomechanical effects, magnetostriction
77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
77.84.Jd Polymers; organic compounds

Intrinsic exchange biasing in MnAs epilayers grown on (001) GaAs

S. H. Chun, S. J. Potashnik, K. C. Ku, J. J. Berry, P. Schiffer, and N. Samarth

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2530 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367306 (3 pages) | Cited 19 times

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We have studied the magnetic properties of MnAs epilayers grown in two preferred orientations on (001) GaAs by molecular-beam epitaxy. Samples with the (math100) MnAs parallel to (001) GaAs (“type A”) show asymmetric hysteresis loops and an anomalous temperature dependence of the coercive field. We attribute these anomalies to intrinsic exchange biasing effects arising from the presence of a strain-induced antiferromagnetic β-MnAs phase that coexists with the ferromagnetic α-MnAs phase. These unusual effects vanish with decreasing sample thickness, suggesting a strategy for suppressing the antiferromagnetic β-MnAs phase. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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75.50.Cc Other ferromagnetic metals and alloys
75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
64.70.K- Solid-solid transitions
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions

Inelastic magnon and phonon excitations in Al1−xCox/Al1−xCox-oxide/Al tunnel junctions

Xiu-Feng Han, Junichirou Murai, Yasuo Ando, Hitoshi Kubota, and Terunobu Miyazaki

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2533 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367882 (3 pages) | Cited 12 times

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Magnetoelectric properties of the tunnel junctions, Al(50 nm)/Al2O3(1.2nm)/Al(50nm)(x = 0), Al(55 nm)/Al2O3(1.0nm)/Co(55nm) (x = 0 and top electrode is Co), and Al1−xCox(55 nm)/Al1−xCox-oxide(d nm)/Al(55 nm) (x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0), were investigated. Oxides of Al1−xCox (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0) were chosen as barrier materials in order to modulate the magnon and phonon excitations in the barrier layer and the interfaces. It was shown that the magnon and phonon excitations were the main sources of inelastic scattering in the tunneling processes for the conduction electrons in these tunnel junctions at nonzero bias voltages. The magnon effects were enhanced in the Co-rich barrier junctions. The Al–O–Co phonon energy decreased with increasing Co composition between the Al–O and Co–O phonon energies based on an Al–O–Co stretching mode in the Al1−xCox-oxide barrier as vibrational frequency of crystal lattice decreased with increasing Co composition. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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73.40.Rw Metal-insulator-metal structures
75.30.Ds Spin waves
71.38.-k Polarons and electron-phonon interactions
72.10.Di Scattering by phonons, magnons, and other nonlocalized excitations
73.40.Gk Tunneling

Ferroelectricity and ferrimagnetism in iron-doped BaTiO3

R. Maier, J. L. Cohn, J. J. Neumeier, and L. A. Bendersky

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2536 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367311 (3 pages) | Cited 27 times

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The structural and physical properties of pseudocubic thin-film BaTi1−xFexO3(0.5 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.75) grown by pulsed-laser deposition are reported. This material is of interest because the corresponding bulk compounds have hexagonal structure for comparable x, and because the films are both ferroelectric and ferrimagnetic well above room temperature. A substantial increase of the ferroelectric transition temperature relative to that of bulk BaTiO3 is attributed to lattice expansion induced by Fe doping. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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77.80.B- Phase transitions and Curie point
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
75.50.Gg Ferrimagnetics
77.55.-g Dielectric thin films
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology

Growth of single-domain (Sm0.5Eu0.5)Ba2Cu3O7−δ with high Tc and Jc by employing a thermal gradient

A. Hu, N. Sakai, and M. Murakami

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2539 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367305 (3 pages) | Cited 25 times

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Bulk (Sm0.5Eu0.5)Ba2Cu3O7−δ superconductors were grown isothermally and with a vertical thermal gradient of −5 °C/cm in air. The crystals grown at a large growth rate under the thermal gradient exhibited a high-Tc value of 95 K and a plateau in the Jc–B curve at 1–4 T at 77 K with postannealing in Ar. We found that the substitution of Ba by rare-earth (RE) elements could be suppressed with a large growth rate. The narrow range of RE–Ba solid solution was attributed to the fast crystallization rate of RE1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ with low-x values. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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74.72.-h Cuprate superconductors
74.10.+v Occurrence, potential candidates
74.25.Sv Critical currents
81.10.Fq Growth from melts; zone melting and refining
81.40.Gh Other heat and thermomechanical treatments
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