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21 May 2001

Volume 78, Issue 21, pp. 3163-3363

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Effects of an extremely thin buffer on heteroepitaxy with large lattice mismatch

Yefan Chen, Soon-ku Hong, Hang-ju Ko, V. Kirshner, H. Wenisch, Takafumi Yao, Katsuhiko Inaba, and Yusaburo Segawa

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 3352 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1373412 (3 pages) | Cited 39 times

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We report on an experimental study of buffer mechanism in plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy of ZnO on Al2O3(0001) with a MgO buffer. It lowers the surface energy and provides nucleation cores. As a result, lateral epitaxial growth of ZnO becomes favorable from the initial growth stage. The MgO buffer also affects the generation of dislocations in such a way that it reduces their density by introducing dislocation interactions. This study suggests that by employing an appropriate buffer to modify the initial nucleation environment, high quality heteroepitaxy is achievable even with large mismatch. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
Show PACS
68.55.A- Nucleation and growth
81.15.Hi Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy
81.05.Dz II-VI semiconductors
68.35.Md Surface thermodynamics, surface energies
68.55.Ln Defects and impurities: doping, implantation, distribution, concentration, etc.
61.72.Ff Direct observation of dislocations and other defects (etch pits, decoration, electron microscopy, x-ray topography, etc.)
52.77.Dq Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition

Analytical solution of the diffusion-controlled precipitation problem

L. Anestiev and L. Froyen

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 3355 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1366645 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

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The understanding of the mechanisms and processes taking place during the production of metal matrix composites, especially of in situ produced composites, is of crucial importance for the properties of the composite. An analytical solution of the equations governing the kinetics of diffusion-controlled precipitation of TiB2 is proposed. The solution allows to predict the concentration profiles and the volume fraction distribution of the reinforcements that are in situ formed along the specimen. The influence of the physicochemical parameters is also taken into account in the proposed solution. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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64.75.-g Phase equilibria
81.30.Mh Solid-phase precipitation
66.30.H- Self-diffusion and ionic conduction in nonmetals

Transmission electron energy-loss spectroscopy study of carbon nanotubes upon high temperature treatment

B. W. Reed, M. Sarikaya, L. R. Dalton, and G. F. Bertsch

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 3358 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1372618 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

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Two batches of carbon nanotube materials, grown with a pulsed-laser deposition technique but purified and heat treated under different conditions, are investigated with a combination of high- resolution transmission electron microscopy techniques, including electron nanodiffraction and low-loss and carbon K-edge electron energy-loss spectroscopy. These techniques were used to achieve a detailed profile of each material. Heat treating one batch at 1100 °C is shown to increase the sp2/sp3 hybridization ratio, while a 2150 °C treatment of the other batch fundamentally restructured the material from single walled to a mixture of amorphous and multiwalled material. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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61.46.-w Structure of nanoscale materials
81.07.De Nanotubes
79.20.Uv Electron energy loss spectroscopy
81.40.Gh Other heat and thermomechanical treatments
81.16.Mk Laser-assisted deposition
68.37.Lp Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

Dewetting of resist/metal bilayers in resist stripping processes

Yihong Wu, Peiwen Qiao, Towchong Chong, Teck-Seng Low, Hong Xie, Ping Luo, Zaibing Guo, and Jinjun Qiu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 3361 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1374234 (3 pages)

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We report the observations of dewetting of resist/metal bilayers in a resist stripping process of nanofabrication in O2 plasma. The initiation of the dewetting process is tentatively associated with local heating caused by surface plasmon induced in metallic nanoparticles or nanowires. The surface patterns thus formed differ substantially from all the dewetting patterns reported so far, and they resemble trees at micrometer scale. The possible mechanism for the formation of this kind striking patterns is discussed and its implication to future nanoelectronics manufacturing is addressed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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81.16.Rf Micro- and nanoscale pattern formation
81.16.Nd Micro- and nanolithography
73.22.Lp Collective excitations
52.77.Bn Etching and cleaning
81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning
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