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16 Jul 2001

Volume 79, Issue 3, pp. 281-445

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Competition of intrinsic and topographically imposed patterns in Bénard–Marangoni convection

Rustem F. Ismagilov, David Rosmarin, David H. Gracias, Abraham D. Stroock, and George M. Whitesides

Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 439 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1384473 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

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The structure of Bénard–Marangoni convection cells can be controlled by periodic topographic patterns on the heated surface that generates the convection. When the periodicity of the topographic pattern matches the intrinsic periodicity of the convection cells, a convective pattern is formed that is 1:1 commensurate with the topographic pattern. Arrays of hexagonal, square, and triangular convection cells were generated over the appropriately designed topographic patterns, and visualized by infrared imaging. For imposed patterns with periodicity in two dimensions, as the ratio of the intrinsic and perturbing length scales changes, the pattern of the convection cells shows sharp transitions between different patterns commensurate with the imposed pattern. For imposed patterns with periodicity in one dimension (i.e., lines) the convection cells use the unconstrained dimension to adapt continuously to the external perturbation. Topographically controlled convection cells can be used to assemble microscopic particles into externally switchable regular lattices. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
Show PACS
47.54.-r Pattern selection; pattern formation
47.27.T- Turbulent transport processes
47.80.-v Instrumentation and measurement methods in fluid dynamics
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