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23 Jul 2001

Volume 79, Issue 4, pp. 449-553

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Atomic-scale observation of polarization switching in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films

D. L. Marasco, A. Kazimirov, M. J. Bedzyk, T.-L. Lee, S. K. Streiffer, O. Auciello, and G.-R. Bai

Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 515 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1385349 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

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The thin-film x-ray standing wave (XSW) technique is used for an atomic-scale study of polarization switching in ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3 (PZT)/electrode heterostructures grown on SrTiO3(001). The XSW is selectively generated in the PZT by the interference between the incident x-ray wave and the weak (001) Bragg diffracted wave from the film. The XSW excites a fluorescence signal from the Pb ions in the PZT film, that is used to determine their subangström displacements after polarization switching has occurred. This experimental method yields unique information on the underlying atomic configurations for different polarization domain states. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
Show PACS
77.80.Fm Switching phenomena
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
68.49.Uv X-ray standing waves
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
77.55.-g Dielectric thin films
77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization

Temperature dependence of the ohmic conductivity and activation energy of Pb1+y(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3 thin films

D. P. Chu, B. M. McGregor, P. Migliorato, C. Durkan, M. E. Welland, K. Hasegawa, and T. Shimoda

Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 518 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1387264 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

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The ohmic conductivity of the sol–gel derived Pb1+y(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3 thin films (with the excess lead y = 0.0 to 0.4) are investigated using low frequency small signal ac and dc methods. Its temperature dependence shows two activation energies of 0.26 and 0.12 eV depending on temperature range and excess Pb levels. The former is associated with Pb3+ acceptor centers, while the latter could be due to a different defect level yet to be identified. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
Show PACS
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
77.55.-g Dielectric thin films
73.50.Fq High-field and nonlinear effects
73.61.Le Other inorganic semiconductors
71.55.Ht Other nonmetals
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