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28 Jan 2002

Volume 80, Issue 4, pp. 535-701

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Light-emitting electrochemical cells using a molten delocalized salt

S. Panozzo, M. Armand, and O. Stéphan

Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 679 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1436534 (3 pages) | Cited 26 times

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The device performances of light-emitting electrochemical cells are improved by adding a room-temperature molten salt (tetrahexylammonium-bis-trifluoro-methyl-sulfonyl imide) directly into the light-emitting layer. For poly(9,9-dihexyl-fluorene-2,7-diyl) with an indium-tin-oxide anode and an aluminum cathode, the power efficiency can be increased by more than one order of magnitude. An even more pronounced effect is observed for poly [2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene]. Equally important for both luminescent polymers, the operating voltage is drastically reduced. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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82.47.-a Applied electrochemistry
85.60.Jb Light-emitting devices
82.45.Fk Electrodes
78.60.Fi Electroluminescence
42.70.Jk Polymers and organics

Shot noise in low-resistance magnetic tunnel junctions

Peter K. George, Y. Wu, R. M. White, Ed Murdock, and Mark Tondra

Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 682 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1446210 (3 pages)

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Shot noise measurements made on low-resistance magnetic tunnel junctions show results inconsistent with the resistance of the samples examined. The results yield lower than expected shot noise which is consistent with parallel path conduction (pinholes). A simple electrical model shows this should be true for noise measurements as well as for the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) as the resistance-area product (R×A) is reduced. The model suggests that a correlation between TMR and shot noise should exist assuming the presence of pinholes and that shot noise offers a useful experimental monitoring technique. The difficulties of making these measurements related to high frequency 1/f noise are discussed. Noise results are presented for high R×A and low R×A low-resistance samples which, in this particular case, both show the influence of pinhole shunting. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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72.70.+m Noise processes and phenomena
73.40.Gk Tunneling
73.50.Jt Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (including thermomagnetic effects)
73.43.Qt Magnetoresistance

Determining the locus for photocarrier recombination in dye-sensitized solar cells

Kai Zhu, E. A. Schiff, N.-G. Park, J. van de Lagemaat, and A. J. Frank

Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 685 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1436533 (3 pages) | Cited 36 times

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We present intensity-modulated photocurrent and infrared transmittance measurements on dye-sensitized solar cells based on a mesoporous titania (TiO2) matrix immersed in an iodine-based electrolyte. Under short-circuit conditions, we show that an elementary analysis accurately relates the two measurements. Under open-circuit conditions, infrared transmittance, and photovoltage measurements yield information on the characteristic depth at which electrons recombine with ions (the “locus of recombination”). For one particular series of samples recombination occurred near the substrate supporting the titania film, as opposed to homogeneously throughout the film. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion
85.30.De Semiconductor-device characterization, design, and modeling
72.40.+w Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects
72.20.Jv Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, and trapping
78.30.-j Infrared and Raman spectra
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