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4 Feb 2002

Volume 80, Issue 5, pp. 707-899

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A model for gate oxide wear out based on electron capture by localized states

Gennadi Bersuker, Anatoli Korkin, Yongjoo Jeon, and Howard R. Huff

Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 832 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1445812 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

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A model is proposed which addresses the effects of the oxide electric field and anode bias as well as the role of hydrogen in the trap generation process. The oxide wear-out phenomenon is considered as a multistep process initiated by the capture of injected electrons by localized states in SiO2. The captured electron significantly weakens the corresponding Si�O bond, which becomes unstable with respect to the applied electric field and temperature. The hydrogen presented in the oxide (due to anode hydrogen release process) prevents restoration of the broken bond that leads to the generation of a neutral E′ center. The model describes the charge-to-breakdown dependence on the electron fluence and energy, electric field, temperature, and oxide thickness. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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73.40.Qv Metal-insulator-semiconductor structures (including semiconductor-to-insulator)
73.50.Gr Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, trapping, mean free paths
77.22.Jp Dielectric breakdown and space-charge effects

Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of tetragonal tungsten bronze Sr2−xCaxNaNb5O15 (x = 0.05–0.35) ceramics

Rong-Jun Xie, Yoshio Akimune, Kazuo Matsuo, Tatsuo Sugiyama, Naoto Hirosaki, and Tadshi Sekiya

Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 835 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1446997 (3 pages) | Cited 41 times

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This letter reports the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of tungsten bronze Sr2−xCaxNaNb5O15 (SCNN, x = 0.05–0.35) ceramics. Two dielectric anomalies and a diffuse ferroelectric transition behavior were appreciably observed in the compositions of x = 0.05–0.25. The incorporation of smaller calcium cations into the crystal structure resulted in an increase in the Curie temperature, from 279 (x = 0.05) to 297 (x = 0.35), and a decrease in the permittivity, from 1353 to 543, at their respective Curie temperatures. Ferroelectricity was observed in the compositions with x = 0.05–0.25, but absent in the compositions with x = 0.30 and 0.35 at room temperature. The maximum spontaneous polarization Ps of 9.1 μC/cm2 and remanent polarization Pr of 3.0 μC/cm2 were achieved in the composition of x = 0.15. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
77.80.B- Phase transitions and Curie point
77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization
77.22.Ch Permittivity (dielectric function)

Investigation of electron and ion emission from the metal point contact on ferroelectrics

Zdenek Sroubek

Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 838 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1447013 (3 pages)

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Negative ion and electron emission from the point contact, formed by a tungsten tip on lead–zirconium–titanate, has been produced by the application of two successive negative and positive voltage pulses and analyzed by a time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. No positive ions were detected with the used small pulse amplitudes. The electron emission is strong and in a form of very short (<3.5 ns) pulses. The TOF analysis indicates that both ions and electrons are emitted by Coulomb repulsion of uncompensated surface charges around the W tip. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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79.70.+q Field emission, ionization, evaporation, and desorption
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
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