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14 Oct 2002

Volume 81, Issue 16, pp. 2917-3103

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Decreasing giant splitting of longitudinal and transverse optical phonons in PbxSr1−xTiO3 due to Pb covalency

Shou-Yi Kuo, Chung-Ting Li, and Wen-Feng Hsieh

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3019 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1513660 (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

Online Publication Date: 7 October 2002

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In contrast to the increase of giant splitting of longitudinal optical (LO) and transverse optical (TO) phonons in polycrystalline BaxSr1−xTiO3 [Phys. Rev. B. 64, 224103-1 (2001)], a decreasing splitting of the softest A1(1TO) and the hardest A1(3LO) was observed in PbxSr1−xTiO3. A similar structure but anomalous discrepancies in lattice dynamics of ABO3 perovskite are related to the diverse electronic states of Pb2+ and Ba2+ ions. In this article, Pb–O interaction is proposed to be more hybridized than Ba–O, and thus the change of effective charge to the LO–TO splitting may be the dominant mechanism in PbxSr1−xTiO3, while unit-cell volume change is in the BaxSr1−xTiO3 systems. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
Show PACS
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
77.80.B- Phase transitions and Curie point
63.20.D- Phonon states and bands, normal modes, and phonon dispersion

Second-harmonic study of polar symmetry and domain structure in SrTi18O3

Lei Zhang, Wolfgang Kleemann, Ruiping Wang, and Mitsuru Itoh

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3022 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1515130 (3 pages) | Cited 18 times

Online Publication Date: 7 October 2002

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The ferroelectric domain structure of SrTi18O3 is studied via the azimuthal dependence of the second-harmonic (SH) light intensity below Tc ≈ 25K. Tensor analysis of the SH response reveals locally variant mixtures of eight triclinic polar domains, which transform into an orthorhombic single domain under an electric field E applied perpendicularly to the tetragonal axis, with d22 being the dominant coupling constant. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
Show PACS
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
77.80.Dj Domain structure; hysteresis
42.65.Ky Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation
77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization

Piezoelectric nonlinearity of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films probed by scanning force microscopy

V. V. Shvartsman, A. L. Kholkin, and N. A. Pertsev

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3025 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1514389 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 7 October 2002

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Local piezoelectric response of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films is investigated by scanning force microscopy as a function of the amplitude of driving ac field. Thus obtained local piezoelectric nonlinearity is compared with the macroscopic behavior deduced earlier from interferometric measurements. The nanoscale piezoelectric properties are found to be remarkably different from the average macroscopic response. In particular, the local piezoelectric nonlinearity measured inside uniformly polarized areas (domains) is unexpectedly high, being qualitatively different for the as-grown domains of opposite polarities. The minority domains are often unstable and switch into the opposite polarization state under an electric field several times lower than that required for global polarization switching. This effect is explained by the presence of charged domain boundaries below the surface and by their field-induced depinning. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
Show PACS
77.55.-g Dielectric thin films
77.65.-j Piezoelectricity and electromechanical effects
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
77.22.Ej Polarization and depolarization

Dielectric properties of random and 〈100〉 oriented SrTiO3 and (Ba,Sr)TiO3 thin films fabricated on 〈100〉 nickel tapes

J. T. Dawley and P. G. Clem

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3028 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1516630 (3 pages) | Cited 46 times

Online Publication Date: 7 October 2002

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Properties are presented for random and enhanced 〈100〉 orientation SrTiO3 and BaxSr1−xTiO3 (x = 0.33, 0.50, and 0.67) films fabricated on base-metal 〈100〉 Ni tapes using a chemical solution deposition approach. Films were crystallized in a reducing atmosphere, which prevented Ni oxidation, but permitted growth of SrTiO3 and BaxSr1−xTiO3 films with dielectric loss tan δ between 0.003 and 0.015. For randomly oriented BaxSr1−xTiO3 (x = 0, 0.33, 0.5, and 0.67) films, zero-field 100 kHz dielectric constants ranged from 250 to 420. Films with enhanced 〈100〉 orientation exhibited zero-field dielectric constants of 980 to 1500, three times higher than random films. Development of such high dielectric constants on Ni suggests a future method for inexpensive, high performance base-metal electrode capacitor fabrication.
Show PACS
77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
77.55.-g Dielectric thin films
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
81.15.Lm Liquid phase epitaxy; deposition from liquid phases (melts, solutions, and surface layers on liquids)
77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
68.55.A- Nucleation and growth
77.22.Gm Dielectric loss and relaxation
77.22.Ch Permittivity (dielectric function)
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