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25 Nov 2002

Volume 81, Issue 22, pp. 4103-4293

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Optical waveguides produced in LiF by MeV ion beam bombardment

M. Cremona, J. A. M. Pereira, S. Pelli, and G. C. Righini

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4103 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1524302 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2002

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In this letter, the development of a simple method, based on high-energy light-ion beam irradiation, to create active waveguides in alkali halide materials is reported. A 1.1 MeV He+ beam at normal incidence was used to irradiate lithium fluoride crystals, with different ion doses varying from 1×1012 up to 6×1015 cm−2, producing thin colored strips. All strips showed several guided modes, confirming the effectiveness of this technique to create the conditions to allow guided propagation. Values of 1.5 dB/cm were found for the propagation losses. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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42.82.Et Waveguides, couplers, and arrays
42.79.Gn Optical waveguides and couplers
61.80.Jh Ion radiation effects
61.82.Ms Insulators
61.72.up Other materials

Simultaneous generation of coherent light in the three fundamental colors by quasicylindrical ferroelectric domains in Sr0.6Ba0.4(NbO3)2

J. J. Romero, D. Jaque, J. García Solé, and A. A. Kaminskii

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4106 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1523156 (3 pages) | Cited 28 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2002

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Continuous-wave red, green, and blue coherent light has been simultaneously generated by quasiphase matching in a strontium barium niobate crystal used as an intracavity frequency converter of a Nd:YVO4 laser operating at 1.34 μm. The broad distribution of ferroelectric domain sizes (1–8 μm) provides the possibility of different simultaneous frequency conversion processes without requiring angle or temperature tuning. Blue and red colors were generated by second-harmonic generation of pump (0.88 μm) and infrared (1.34 μm) laser radiation, respectively. Green light was produced by sum frequency mixing of pump and laser radiations. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
42.65.Ky Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation
42.79.Nv Optical frequency converters
77.80.Dj Domain structure; hysteresis

Heterodyne near-field scattering

Doriano Brogioli, Alberto Vailati, and Marzio Giglio

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4109 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1524702 (3 pages) | Cited 21 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2002

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We describe an optical technique based on the statistical analysis of the random intensity distribution due to the interference of the near-field scattered light with the strong transmitted beam. It is shown that, from the study of the two-dimensional power spectrum of the intensity, one derives the scattered intensity as a function of the scattering wave vector. Near-field conditions are specified and discussed. The substantial advantages over traditional scattering technique are pointed out, and is indicated that the technique could be of interest for wavelengths other than visible light. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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42.25.Fx Diffraction and scattering
42.25.Dd Wave propagation in random media
42.30.Ms Speckle and moiré patterns
82.70.Kj Emulsions and suspensions
82.70.Dd Colloids

Tunable multichannel optical filter based on silicon photonic band gap materials actuation

Yasha Yi, Peter Bermel, Kazumi Wada, Xiaoman Duan, J. D. Joannopoulos, and L. C. Kimerling

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4112 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1525072 (3 pages) | Cited 17 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2002

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A Si-based tunable omnidirectional reflecting photonic band gap structure with a relatively large air gap defect is fabricated and measured. Using only one device, low-voltage tuning around two telecom wavelengths of 1.55 and 1.3 μm by electrostatic force is realized. Four widely spaced resonant modes within the photonic band gap are observed, which is in good agreement with numerical simulations. The whole process is at low temperature and can be compatible with current microelectronics process technology. There are several potential applications of this technology in wavelength division multiplexing devices. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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42.79.Ci Filters, zone plates, and polarizers
42.70.Qs Photonic bandgap materials

Study of ZnCdTe crystals as terahertz wave emitters and detectors

Kai Liu, Hyun-Shik Kang, Tae-Kyu Kim, and X.-C. Zhang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4115 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1524696 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2002

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We report a systematic study of ternary ZnCdTe crystals as terahertz wave emitters and sensors with a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. Experimental measurements of the generation and detection of terahertz waves from 〈110〉-oriented Zn1−xCdxTe crystals indicate the optimum composition x = 0.05. We also report generation and detection of terahertz wave from doped crystals. For terahertz wave applications, the resistivity of these crystals should be greater than 100 Ω cm. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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07.57.Kp Bolometers; infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave receivers and detectors
85.60.Gz Photodetectors (including infrared and CCD detectors)
07.57.Hm Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave sources
42.72.Ai Infrared sources
81.05.Dz II-VI semiconductors
61.66.Bi Elemental solids
61.66.Dk Alloys
72.20.Fr Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance
72.80.Ey III-V and II-VI semiconductors

Dynamics of stimulated emission in InAs quantum-dot laser structures measured in pump-probe experiments

A. I. Tartakovskii, K. M. Groom, A. M. Adawi, A. Lemaître, A. M. Fox, D. J. Mowbray, M. S. Skolnick, and M. Hopkinson

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4118 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1524694 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2002

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Nonlinear carrier-photon dynamics are studied for optically pumped InAs quantum-dot (QD) laser structures, using excitation into the GaAs barrier by two degenerate pump and probe laser pulses. The nonlinear emission from QDs excited by the pump pulse is further amplified by the probe excitation. By varying the delay between the two pulses, a very fast decay of the QD excited state emission is measured. Notably slower dynamics for the QD ground state are observed, governed by state filling phenomena that result in gain saturation. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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42.55.Px Semiconductor lasers; laser diodes
85.35.Be Quantum well devices (quantum dots, quantum wires, etc.)
78.66.Fd III-V semiconductors
78.67.Hc Quantum dots
81.07.Ta Quantum dots
78.45.+h Stimulated emission
78.47.-p Spectroscopy of solid state dynamics

Holographic recording in TiO2 nanoparticle-dispersed methacrylate photopolymer films

Naoaki Suzuki, Yasuo Tomita, and Takashi Kojima

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4121 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1525391 (3 pages) | Cited 77 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2002

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We demonstrate permanent holographic storage in the green with high diffraction efficiency and recording sensitivity in TiO2 nanoparticle-dispersed methacrylate photopolymer films. It is shown that the diffraction efficiency as well as the recording sensitivity significantly increase with an increase of nanoparticle concentration. It is also found that volumetric shrinkage during holographic exposure is noticeably suppressed by inclusion of the nanoparticles. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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42.70.Ln Holographic recording materials; optical storage media
42.70.Jk Polymers and organics
42.40.Eq Holographic optical elements; holographic gratings
42.40.Ht Hologram recording and readout methods

Single-shot supercontinuum spectral interferometry

K. Y. Kim, I. Alexeev, and H. M. Milchberg

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4124 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1524701 (3 pages) | Cited 22 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2002

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We have developed a single-shot spectral interferometer using the supercontinuum pulse generated by self-focusing in atmospheric pressure air. The diagnostic can be used to measure ultrafast refractive index transients either in a direct frequency-to-time mapping mode or in a full Fourier transform mode. In the direct mapping mode, temporal resolution is shown to be strongly restricted by the pulse chirp. In the transform mode, the ultimate temporal resolution is limited by the supercontinuum pulse bandwidth and the maximum pump-induced phase shift. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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07.60.Ly Interferometers
42.65.Jx Beam trapping, self-focusing and defocusing; self-phase modulation
42.65.Re Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression
42.60.Fc Modulation, tuning, and mode locking
42.30.Kq Fourier optics

13–30 micron diameter microdischarge devices: Atomic ion and molecular emission at above atmospheric pressures

S.-J. Park and J. G. Eden

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4127 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1520707 (3 pages) | Cited 23 times

Online Publication Date: 19 November 2002

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Cylindrical microdischarge devices having cavity diameters as small as 13 μm and volumes as low as several nanoliters have been fabricated in metal/polymer structures with and without screen electrodes. These devices produce stable glow discharges in Ne, Xe, air, Xe/O2, and Ne/air mixtures at total pressures up to the maximum investigated, 1200 Torr. Neon discharges in 30 μm diameter devices are well behaved for pNe above 700 Torr (pd>2.1 Torr cm) and generate strong emission in the UV from singly charged Ne-ion transitions at above-atmospheric pressures. Fluorescence in the visible from Xe+ and Xe2+ as well as molecular features in the green (∼530 nm) and blue (∼484 nm) that appear to be attributable to the neutral dimer are also observed from Xe in the 650–1100 Torr range. Discharges in air (100–740 Torr) and Ne/air mixtures produce strong N2(C→B) and N2+(B→X) emission in the near-UV and violet. The lowest observed operating voltage for Ne discharges in 30 μm devices is 87 V (pNe = 1200 Torr). Discharges in microcavities of dimensions below 50 μm represent a unique spectroscopic tool. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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52.80.Yr Discharges for spectral sources (including inductively coupled plasma)
42.72.Bj Visible and ultraviolet sources
52.80.Hc Glow; corona
32.50.+d Fluorescence, phosphorescence (including quenching)
33.50.Dq Fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra
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