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30 Dec 2002

Volume 81, Issue 27, pp. 5099-5257

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Acoustic barriers based on periodic arrays of scatterers

Juan V. Sanchez-Perez, Constanza Rubio, Rosa Martinez-Sala, Rafael Sanchez-Grandia, and Vicente Gomez

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 5240 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1533112 (3 pages) | Cited 30 times

Online Publication Date: 19 December 2002

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It is well known that certain periodic structures built by repetition of elements produce sound attenuation effects as a consequence of the destructive interference of the scattered waves by these elements. The sound attenuation results that we got from transmission experiments with these kind of structures, so-called sonic crystals (SCs), led us to think that SCs could be used as an acoustic barrier. Until now, most of the transmission experiments with these periodic arrays of scatterers have been performed under controlled conditions, so how they would behave outdoors is still not well known. In this letter we present outdoor-experimental results for two-dimensional SCs and from these it can be concluded that periodic arrays of scatterers are a suitable device to reduce noise in free-field conditions. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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43.50.Lj Transportation noise sources: air, road, rail, and marine vehicles

In-fiber nematic liquid crystal optical modulator based on in-plane switching with microsecond response time

Bharat R. Acharya, K. W. Baldwin, R. A. MacHarrie, John A. Rogers, C. C. Huang, and R. Pindak

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 5243 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1532532 (3 pages) | Cited 16 times

Online Publication Date: 19 December 2002

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We describe a simple method and device design that enables fast in-plane electro-optic modulation in conventional nematic liquid crystal (NLC) devices. When combined with optimized NLC materials, this approach yields rotational speeds of 1°/μs (independent of rotation angle, over a wide range) at a moderately low voltage. The observed rotational dynamics indicate that even these high speeds may not represent fundamental physical limits. We demonstrate these ideas in a compact tunable NLC waveplate that uses microelectrodes patterned directly on the tips of optical fibers. These devices offer fast, continuously tunable optic axis with low insertion loss and good performance in the near infrared. Modulators that use this design have promising potential applications for polarization control and analysis in optical communication systems. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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42.79.Kr Display devices, liquid-crystal devices
42.70.Df Liquid crystals
42.79.Hp Optical processors, correlators, and modulators

Design of semiconductor-waveguide-type optical isolators using the nonreciprocal loss/gain in the magneto-optical waveguides having MnAs nanoclusters

H. Shimizu and M. Tanaka

Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 5246 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1533114 (3 pages) | Cited 14 times

Online Publication Date: 19 December 2002

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We have theoretically analyzed semiconductor-waveguide-type optical isolators, which are based on the nonreciprocal loss/gain in the magneto-optical waveguide having MnAs nanoclusters embedded in an InAlAs matrix. The whole device structure is grown on an InP substrate and the operation wavelength is 1.55 μm. In the TM mode, more than 119 dB/cm of isolation is predicted and the optimum device structure is discussed. Furthermore, we proposed and theoretically analyzed a semiconductor-waveguide-type optical isolator for the TE mode, which can realize 36 dB/cm of isolation. Since our waveguide-type optical isolators are composed of all semiconductor-based materials, they can be easily integrated with III–V based optoelectronic devices such as edge-emitting laser diodes. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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85.70.Sq Magnetooptical devices
42.82.Et Waveguides, couplers, and arrays
42.82.Bq Design and performance testing of integrated-optical systems
42.15.Eq Optical system design
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