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12 May 2003

Volume 82, Issue 19, pp. 3147-3362

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3266 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1572970 (3 pages)

Michael Mück, Christian Welzel, and John Clarke
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Improvement of discharge capacity of LiCoO2 thin-film cathodes deposited in trench structure by liquid-delivery metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

Sang-In Cho and Soon-Gil Yoon

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3345 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1571958 (3 pages) | Cited 14 times

Online Publication Date: 6 May 2003

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Pt collector and LiCoO2 cathode films were deposited onto trench-SiO2/Si substrates by liquid-delivery metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LDMOCVD). The 100-nm-thick Pt thin films deposited at 350 °C showed the lowest resistivity and roughness and step-coverage of 57% in trench structure (aspect ratio-1). The LiCoO2 cathode films (step-coverage=51%) deposited onto a Pt collector showed an increase of approximately two and half times the discharge capacity compared with those of planar-cathode films. The LDMOCVD process is suitable to improve the discharge capacity of LiCoO2 cathode films using a trench structure in lithium rechargeable batteries. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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82.45.Fk Electrodes
81.15.Gh Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, ALD, etc.)
82.47.Aa Lithium-ion batteries
68.35.B- Structure of clean surfaces (and surface reconstruction)
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology

Enhancement of laser-ultrasound/electromagnetic-acoustic transducer signals from Rayleigh wave interaction at surface features

S. Boonsang and R. J. Dewhurst

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3348 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1571980 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 6 May 2003

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The enhancement of signals from Rayleigh wave interaction at solid surface features is described, for the case when signals arise from laser-ultrasound/electromagnetic-acoustic transducer (EMAT) detection system. Transient surface acoustic waves were detected by an in-plane EMAT receiver. B-scan images from surface slot or surface edge interactions revealed increased signal amplitude from these features of a factor ∼1.59. An explanation is based on the interaction of the EMAT sensor with the Rayleigh wave. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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68.35.Iv Acoustical properties
43.35.Pt Surface waves in solids and liquids
68.35.B- Structure of clean surfaces (and surface reconstruction)
43.38.Rh Surface acoustic wave transducers

Surface-acoustic-wave devices for the 2.5–5 GHz frequency range based on longitudinal leaky waves

T. Makkonen, V. P. Plessky, W. Steichen, and M. M. Salomaa

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3351 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1573361 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 6 May 2003

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The recently discovered “longitudinal leaky” surface acoustic wave on YZ-cut lithium niobate has been used to implement low-loss bandpass filters operating in the 2.5-GHz Bluetooth frequency range. The filter is of the ladder type, employing synchronous resonators as building blocks. Resonator Q-values above 300 have been measured. The filter features a center frequency of 2491 MHz, a minimum insertion loss of 3.5 dB, and a fractional 3-dB bandwidth as wide as 6.2%. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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84.30.Vn Filters
85.50.-n Dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric devices
84.40.-x Radiowave and microwave (including millimeter wave) technology

Ion acceleration with ultrafast lasers

S. Busch, M. Schnürer, M. Kalashnikov, H. Schönnagel, H. Stiel, P. V. Nickles, W. Sandner, S. Ter-Avetisyan, V. Karpov, and U. Vogt

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3354 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1573363 (3 pages) | Cited 24 times

Online Publication Date: 6 May 2003

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Hot-electron confinement can build up fields capable of accelerating ions up to MeV energies when an ultrashort 35-fs laser pulse at ∼ 2×1018 W/cm2 interacts with a small spherical target. Singly charged ions with different masses have similar energies. A simple phenomenological model describes how ultrashort and less-energy-consumptive pulses drive ions to MeV energies. The energetic and spatial-emission characteristics of protons, deuterons and oxygen ions released from water and heavy-water droplets of ∼ 15 μm in size was determined for this interaction scenario. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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07.77.Ka Charged-particle beam sources and detectors
79.20.Ds Laser-beam impact phenomena
29.25.Ni Ion sources: positive and negative
41.75.Ak Positive-ion beams
41.75.Cn Negative-ion beams

Periodic patterning in materials deposition by self-regulating diffusion-reaction processes

M. Bhattacharya, D. G. Vlachos, and M. Tsapatsis

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3357 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1574405 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 6 May 2003

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A mechanism is proposed and validated through numerical simulations to explain periodic patterning of materials as a result of self-organization caused via Turing instability. The proposed model includes autocatalytic chemistry of the activator–inhibitor type to form a precursor followed by nucleation and growth. Critical parameters affecting deposit pattern formation and sharpness include the critical concentration for nucleation, the growth rate, and the diffusion of the growth precursor. The proposed mechanism offers a possible explanation for the recently observed periodicity of TiO2 bands formed in microporous Vycor™ glass. Conditions for the spontaneous self-organization of materials, such as semiconductor quantum dots and photocatalytic materials, are discussed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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68.35.Fx Diffusion; interface formation
82.65.+r Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces

Mapping the chemical states of an element inside a sample using tomographic x-ray absorption spectroscopy

C. G. Schroer, M. Kuhlmann, T. F. Günzler, B. Lengeler, M. Richwin, B. Griesebock, D. Lützenkirchen-Hecht, R. Frahm, E. Ziegler, A. Mashayekhi, D. R. Haeffner, J.-D. Grunwaldt, and A. Baiker

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3360 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1573352 (3 pages) | Cited 37 times

Online Publication Date: 6 May 2003

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Hard x-ray absorption spectroscopy is combined with scanning microtomography to reconstruct full near-edge spectra of an elemental species at each location on an arbitrary virtual section through a sample. These spectra reveal the local concentrations of different chemical compounds of the absorbing element inside the sample and give insight into the oxidation state, the local atomic structure, and the local projected free density of states. The method is implemented by combining a quick scanning monochromator and data acquisition system with a scanning microprobe setup based on refractive x-ray lenses. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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82.80.Ej X-ray, Mössbauer, and other γ-ray spectroscopic analysis methods
61.05.cj X-ray absorption spectroscopy: EXAFS, NEXAFS, XANES, etc.
78.70.Dm X-ray absorption spectra
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