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2 Jun 2003

Volume 82, Issue 22, pp. 3811-3991

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3958 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1579125 (3 pages)

E. Zussman, D. Rittel, and A. L. Yarin
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Nonlinear optical susceptibility measurements of solutions using third-harmonic generation on the interface

Vladislav Shcheslavskiy, Georgi Petrov, and Vladislav V. Yakovlev

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3982 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1579866 (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

Online Publication Date: 27 May 2003

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By simultaneous measurements of the third-harmonic intensity on two interfaces, it is possible to make precise and fast measurements of the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of solutions. We propose a simple nonlinear optical technique that eliminates the effects of both scattering and absorption, thus allowing for characterization of colloidal solutions with possible aggregation. The proposed technique is experimentally demonstrated for a variety of solutions, both transparent and scattering, and shows very good agreement with data obtained by other means. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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42.65.An Optical susceptibility, hyperpolarizability
82.70.Dd Colloids
42.65.Ky Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation

Optical peristalsis

Brian A. Koss and David G. Grier

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3985 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1579859 (3 pages) | Cited 23 times

Online Publication Date: 27 May 2003

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We describe an efficient method for transporting and rearranging mesoscopic objects in three dimensions using short repetitive sequences of holographic optical trapping patterns. Material transport in this process is analogous to peristaltic pumping, with the configurations of optical traps mimicking the states of a physical peristaltic pump. Optical peristalsis can transport large numbers of small particles rapidly and determinstically through complex three-dimensional patterns. The same system also can be used to study transport in a variety of model thermal ratchets. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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81.16.Ta Atom manipulation
42.40.My Applications

Li2CsSb: A highly-efficient photocathode material

A. R. H. F. Ettema

Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3988 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1579869 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 27 May 2003

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The electronic band structure of the alkali antimonide Li2CsSb has been calculated. Based on this calculation, estimates are given for the absorption coefficient and the radiative lifetime of the photoelectron. The optical generation of photoelectrons in this material proceeds via a direct optical transition, but after relaxation of the photoelectron it is prohibited to recombine with a valence band hole due to the indirect band gap. The photoelectron lifetime and the diffusion lengths are compared with other photocathode materials. The results suggest that for Li2CsSb the photocathode can be made significantly thicker and therefore more efficient. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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85.60.Ha Photomultipliers; phototubes and photocathodes
78.20.Ci Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity)
71.20.Ps Other inorganic compounds
72.40.+w Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects
78.55.Kz Solid organic materials
72.20.Jv Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, and trapping
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