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21 Jul 2003

Volume 83, Issue 3, pp. 407-587

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 575 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1594830 (3 pages)

P. Yu, M. Mustata, J. J. Turek, P. M. W. French, M. R. Melloch, and D. D. Nolte
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Vortex melting line and anisotropy of high-pressure-synthesized TlBa2Ca2Cu3O10−y high-temperature superconductor from third-harmonic susceptibility studies

A. Crisan, A. Iyo, and Y. Tanaka

Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 506 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1593824 (3 pages) | Cited 13 times

Online Publication Date: 16 July 2003

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The fundamental and third-harmonic susceptibility response of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) and TlBa2Ca2Cu3O10−y (Tl:1223) high-critical temperature (Tc) superconductors with preferentially oriented crystallites has been measured in various magnetic fields up to 14 T, and with very low ac field amplitude, to probe the melting transition of the vortex matter. This method does not require large single crystals, being therefore suitable for high-Tc superconductors with small crystallites, prepared with high-pressure synthesis techniques. We determine experimentally the melting line of vortices and the anisotropy factor in high-pressure-grown Tl:1223 with a high Tc of 133.5 K. Results from similar measurements on YBCO with preferentially oriented grains are consistent with both commonly accepted models of the melting line and values of the anisotropy factor, supporting the validity of our approach. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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74.25.Uv Vortex phases (includes vortex lattices, vortex liquids, and vortex glasses)
74.72.-h Cuprate superconductors
74.25.Ha Magnetic properties including vortex structures and related phenomena
81.05.Je Ceramics and refractories (including borides, carbides, hydrides, nitrides, oxides, and silicides)

Switching a spin valve back and forth by current-induced domain wall motion

J. Grollier, P. Boulenc, V. Cros, A. Hamzić, A. Vaurès, A. Fert, and G. Faini

Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 509 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1594841 (3 pages) | Cited 183 times

Online Publication Date: 16 July 2003

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We have studied the current-induced displacement of a domain wall (DW) in the permalloy (Py) layer of a Co/Cu/Py spin valve structure at zero and very small applied field. The displacement is in opposite direction for opposite dc currents, and the current density required to move DW is only of the order of 106 A/cm2. For H = 3 Oe, a back and forth DW motion between two stable positions is observed. We also discuss the effect of an applied field on the DW motion. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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75.47.Np Metals and alloys
75.70.Kw Domain structure (including magnetic bubbles and vortices)
85.75.-d Magnetoelectronics; spintronics: devices exploiting spin polarized transport or integrated magnetic fields
85.70.Kh Magnetic thin film devices: magnetic heads (magnetoresistive, inductive, etc.); domain-motion devices, etc.
75.70.Cn Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)

Superconducting properties of polycrystalline Nb nanowires templated by carbon nanotubes

A. Rogachev and A. Bezryadin

Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 512 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1592313 (3 pages) | Cited 50 times

Online Publication Date: 16 July 2003

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Continuous Nb wires, 7–15 nm in diameter, have been fabricated by sputter-coating single fluorinated carbon nanotubes. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the wires are polycrystalline, having grain sizes of about 5 nm. The critical current of wires thicker than ∼12 nm is very high (107 A/cm2) and comparable to the expected depairing current. The resistance versus temperature curves measured down to 0.3 K are well described by the Langer–Ambegaokar–McCumber–Halperin theory of thermally activated phase slips. Quantum phase slips are suppressed. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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74.70.Ad Metals; alloys and binary compounds (including A15, MgB2, etc.)
74.25.Sv Critical currents

Simple enhancement of the magnetocaloric effect in giant magnetocaloric materials

L. H. Lewis, M. H. Yu, and R. J. Gambino

Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 515 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1593821 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 16 July 2003

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A simple method of enhancing the magnetocaloric effect (MCE)) in ferromagnetic materials is described. Thin layers of pure Fe of 0.1- and 0.2-μm thickness were evaporated onto both sides of polished 0.6-mm, slices of the giant magnetocaloric material Gd5Si1.5Ge2.5. The slices were stacked for magnetic measurement in the temperature range from 165 to 235 K to assess the MCE. Sample geometries with the iron layers oriented both parallel and perpendicular to the applied field were measured. In the metamagnetic transition temperature range, the Fe layer in the parallel geometry lowers the onset field of the metamagnetic transition by 4240 Oe for the 0.1-μm layer thickness and by 4940 Oe for the 0.2-μm layer thickness from the base value of 8700 Oe at 187 K in the absence of Fe layers. Furthermore, the 0.1-μm layer of Fe oriented perpendicular to the applied field is found to enhance the entropy change, and thus the magnetocaloric effect, by approximately 11% above its base value at 191.5 K; intriguingly, the 0.2-μm Fe layer does not obviously alter the MCE from its base value. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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75.30.Sg Magnetocaloric effect, magnetic cooling
75.50.Cc Other ferromagnetic metals and alloys
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
75.40.Cx Static properties (order parameter, static susceptibility, heat capacities, critical exponents, etc.)
75.50.Bb Fe and its alloys
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films

Extraordinary Hall effect and ferromagnetism in Fe-doped reduced rutile

Zhenjun Wang, Wendong Wang, Jinke Tang, Le Duc Tung, Leonard Spinu, and Weilie Zhou

Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 518 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1593825 (3 pages) | Cited 68 times

Online Publication Date: 16 July 2003

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Room-temperature ferromagnetism is observed in reduced rutile TiO2−δ by Fe doping. The epitaxial films grown by pulsed-laser deposition are carefully examined by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetic and transport measurements. The films exhibit the extraordinary Hall-effect and thin-film magnetic shape anisotropy. The magnetic moments and anticipated Curie temperatures of the films rule out Fe particles, iron oxides, and Ti–Fe oxides as possible sources for the observed magnetic signals. The carriers of the Fe-doped reduced rutile are p-type, with a carrier density of 1×1022/cm3. This room-temperature dilute magnetic semiconductor should find potential applications in spintronics. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
73.61.Le Other inorganic semiconductors
75.50.Pp Magnetic semiconductors
75.50.Dd Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials
73.50.Jt Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (including thermomagnetic effects)
75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
68.37.Lp Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
75.40.-s Critical-point effects, specific heats, short-range order
75.30.Cr Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities
72.25.-b Spin polarized transport
75.47.Pq Other materials
85.75.-d Magnetoelectronics; spintronics: devices exploiting spin polarized transport or integrated magnetic fields

Molecular-beam epitaxy of the half-Heusler alloy NiMnSb on (In,Ga)As/InP (001)

P. Bach, A. S. Bader, C. Rüster, C. Gould, C. R. Becker, G. Schmidt, L. W. Molenkamp, W. Weigand, C. Kumpf, E. Umbach, R. Urban, G. Woltersdorf, and B. Heinrich

Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 521 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1594286 (3 pages) | Cited 24 times

Online Publication Date: 16 July 2003

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We report the growth of the half-Heusler alloy NiMnSb on InP (001) by molecular-beam epitaxy using a lattice-matched (In,Ga)As buffer. High-resolution x-ray diffraction confirms a high crystalline quality. Spot-profile analysis low-energy electron diffraction measurements show well-defined surface reconstructions. The samples show the expected high Curie temperature and an uniaxial anisotropy. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.
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81.05.Bx Metals, semimetals, and alloys
81.15.Hi Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
68.35.B- Structure of clean surfaces (and surface reconstruction)
68.49.Jk Electron scattering from surfaces
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
68.49.Uv X-ray standing waves
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