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12 Apr 2004

Volume 84, Issue 15, pp. 2721-2955

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 2883 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1702137 (3 pages)

Pu Xian Gao and Zhong L. Wang
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Target charging effects on proton acceleration during high-intensity short-pulse laser-solid interactions

F. N. Beg, M. S. Wei, A. E. Dangor, A. Gopal, M. Tatarakis, K. Krushelnick, P. Gibbon, E. L. Clark, R. G. Evans, K. L. Lancaster, P. A. Norreys, K. W. D. Ledingham, P. McKenna, and M. Zepf

Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 2766 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1689748 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 7 April 2004

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We report results from experiments performed at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory using the VULCAN laser facility (I>5×1019 W cm−2). Single wire targets were used, and on some shots additional objects were placed near the target. These were positioned so that they were not irradiated by the laser. Proton emission from single wire targets was observed as radially symmetric structures (“stripes”) in both the forward and backward directions, and was due to plasma sheath acceleration around the wire. The presence of objects in the vicinity of the interaction had a significant effect on the angular emission pattern of protons from the primary target. Importantly, the secondary object was also observed to be a source of energetic proton emission. © 2004 American Institute of Physics.
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07.77.Ka Charged-particle beam sources and detectors

Rotating plasma discharges of high-pressure molecular vapor using circularly polarized microwaves

Jin Joong Kim, Jung Tae Ko, Dong Ho Won, Jeong Won Kim, S. S. Kim, and Hong-Young Chang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 2769 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1690871 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 7 April 2004

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We report an experimental demonstration of rotating plasma discharges of diatomic molecular vapor at pressures of a few hundred kPa, i.e., above atmospheric pressure, using circularly polarized microwaves at 2.45 GHz with no external magnetic fields. The active zone of discharges is observed to rotate at frequency of the order of 0.1–20 Hz, which is equivalent to a linear speed of a few cm/s, depending upon the power level, with the same rotation as that of applied circularly polarized microwave fields, regardless of their helicity. The lethargic rotation of the plasma discharges is explained on the basis of ponderomotive force including absorption of the intrinsic angular momentum of the circularly polarized microwaves. © 2004 American Institute of Physics.
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52.80.Pi High-frequency and RF discharges

Influence of the density gradient on the duration of Si-Kα pulses generated by a double femtosecond-laser pulse

F. Pisani, U. Andiel, K. Eidmann, K. Witte, I. Uschmann, A. Morak, E. Förster, and R. Sauerbrey

Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 2772 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1695634 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 7 April 2004

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We have studied the duration of Si-Kα x-ray pulses generated by two subsequent femtosecond-laser pulses (λ = 395 nm, pulse duration = 180 fs) separated by 20 ps, which were focused on a glass target to intensities of a few 1017 W/cm2. A toroidally bent crystal was used to image the Si-Kα pulses emitted by the target on the cathode of an ultrafast streak camera. While the duration of the first Kα pulse is 1.1 ps, the duration of the second Kα pulse is considerably longer by ≈ 0.7 ps. This effect is attributed to the preplasma created by the first laser pulse and seen by the second one. © 2004 American Institute of Physics.
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52.25.Os Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation
52.38.Ph X-ray, γ-ray, and particle generation
52.50.Jm Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)
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