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20 Sep 2004

Volume 85, Issue 12, pp. 2157-2437

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2390 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1796520 (3 pages)

Stas Polonsky and Alan Weger
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Rapid three-dimensional manufacturing of microfluidic structures using a scanning laser system

Biao Li, Hui Yu, Andre Sharon, and Xin Zhang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2426 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1793342 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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This letter introduces a three-dimensional manufacturing approach to the rapid processing of microfluidic structures using a scanning laser system. This technique takes advantage of the nonuniform distribution of laser power along its incident axis. The laser processing perpendicular to the specimen surface is realized by fine-tuning focus levels and laser intensity. A large number of microfluidic components such as cantilevered valves, embedded channels, and other shapes requiring gaps between layers are demonstrated in a single layer. With this process, a class of microstructures with designed-in functionalities can be developed.
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85.85.+j Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and devices
42.62.Be Biological and medical applications

Liquid hyperpolarized 129Xe produced by phase exchange in a convection cell

T. Su, G. L. Samuelson, S. W. Morgan, G. Laicher, and B. Saam

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2429 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1793350 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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We present a method for the production of liquid hyperpolarized 129Xe that employs spin-exchange optical pumping in the gas phase and subsequent phase exchange with a column of xenon liquid. A convection loop inside the sealed glass cell allows efficient transfer of magnetization between the gas and liquid phases. By condensing to liquid a large fraction of the sample, this scheme permits the polarization of many more 129Xe atoms in a given sealed-cell volume than would otherwise be possible. We have thus far produced a steady-state polarization of 8% in 0.1 mL of liquid with a characteristic rise time of ≈15 min.
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76.60.-k Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation
64.70.F- Liquid-vapor transitions
76.70.Fz Double nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR), dynamical nuclear polarization

Solute transport during cyclic flow in saturated porous media

Guillermo H. Goldsztein and Juan C. Santamarina

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2432 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1791328 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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We consider materials with large pores interconnected by thin long channels saturated with an incompressible fluid. In the absence of fluid flow, solute transport in the porous network is diffusion controlled, however, solute transport can be enhanced when the porous network is subjected to a cyclic flow with zero time average velocity. We develop a mathematical model to analyze this physical phenomenon and obtain an effective macroscale diffusion coefficient for solute transport which dependends on cyclic flow conditions and the geometry of the porous network.
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87.16.D- Membranes, bilayers, and vesicles
47.56.+r Flows through porous media
87.15.Vv Diffusion
47.32.-y Vortex dynamics; rotating fluids
47.60.-i Flow phenomena in quasi-one-dimensional systems

Investigation of surface acoustic wave propagation on a sphere using laser ultrasonics

D. Clorennec and D. Royer

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2435 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1791331 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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Using the noncontact laser ultrasonic technique, we investigate the propagation of surface acoustic waves on a sphere (SSAW). A finite thermoelastic line source gives rise to combined focusing and reversal effects. As for propagation on a cylinder surface, the reversal of the SSAW pulse is explained by the dispersion of the high frequency components of the laser-generated acoustic pulse. The focusing effect, due to the curvature of the surface, depends on the angular aperture of the source. From diffraction theory, optimal conditions for diffraction free propagation are derived, both in harmonic and pulse regimes. On a steel sphere of radius 25 mm, Rayleigh waves excited by a 20 ns YAG laser pulse focused onto a 3 mm line propagate with a nearly constant amplitude.
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43.35.Pt Surface waves in solids and liquids
43.35.Cg Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in solids; elastic constants
46.40.Cd Mechanical wave propagation (including diffraction, scattering, and dispersion)
68.35.Iv Acoustical properties
61.80.Ba Ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation effects (including laser radiation)
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