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20 Sep 2004

Volume 85, Issue 12, pp. 2157-2437

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2390 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1796520 (3 pages)

Stas Polonsky and Alan Weger
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First principles study of transition-metal substitutions in Sm–Co permanent magnets

R. F. Sabirianov, A. Kashyap, R. Skomski, S. S. Jaswal, and D. J. Sellmyer

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2286 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1792791 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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The microchemistry and magnetism of conventional and high-temperature Sm–Co permanent magnets are investigated by first-principles calculations. Particular emphasis is on the site preference for the substitution of Cu, Ti, and Zr in SmCo5 and Sm2Co17 compounds. Cu substitution is more favorable in the 1:5 phase, in agreement with experimental findings. Titanium and zirconium have positive solution energies for both the phases, with Ti(Zr) having slight preference for the 1:5 (2:17) phase. Some Zr may segregate to the phase boundaries because of its large solution energy. For Ti and Zr the dumbbell site of the 2:17 phase is preferred over the other three inequivalent cobalt sites. These results are used to discuss the observed cellular nanostructure of the high-temperature Sm–Co hard magnets with composition close to the 2:17 phase.
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75.50.Ww Permanent magnets
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
75.30.Cr Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities
75.30.Hx Magnetic impurity interactions
75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy
64.75.-g Phase equilibria

The switching properties of patterned synthetic ferrimagnetic structures

J. Janesky, N. D. Rizzo, B. N. Engel, and S. Tehrani

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2289 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1792798 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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We investigated the switching properties of patterned submicrometer synthetic ferromagnetic (SF) Ni65Fe15Co20(t1 nm)∕Ru 0.8 nm∕Ni65Fe15Co20(t2 nm) tri-layers. By changing t1 and t2, the shape anisotropy field, Hksh∝∣t1−t2∣, was changed from 36 to 18 Oe, and the effective material anisotropy field, Hkeff,∝α=(t1+t2)∕∣t1−t2∣, was changed from 28 to over 60 Oe. We found that a hard axis field, Hhd, is less effective at reducing the easy axis switching field, Hsw, as α is increased, with α=3.7 requiring twice the relative magnitude of Hhd for the same relative reduction in Hsw as a single magnetic layer. In addition, by repeating the basic SF tri-layer structure in circular elements, we demonstrated improved stability against thermal activation by a factor of 2 with no associated increase in Hsw.
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68.65.Ac Multilayers
75.50.Bb Fe and its alloys
75.50.Gg Ferrimagnetics
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
75.70.Cn Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)
75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy

Effect of high-frequency driving current on magnetization reversal in Co-rich amorphous microwires

A. Chizhik, A. Zhukov, J. Gonzalez, and J. M. Blanco

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2292 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1792799 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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Influence of high frequency electric current on the magnetization reversal in Co-rich glass covered amorphous microwires has been studied. The strong correlation between the coercivity and the circular magnetization in the outer shell of the wire has been found. The change of the mechanism of magnetization reversal in the presence of high-frequency circular magnetic field, which is related with the impedance properties, is presented.
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75.60.Jk Magnetization reversal mechanisms
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
78.20.Ls Magneto-optical effects
75.50.Kj Amorphous and quasicrystalline magnetic materials
81.05.Kf Glasses (including metallic glasses)
75.50.Vv High coercivity materials

Photoinduced magnetic memory effect in an iron (II) spin-crossover complex

Hongwu Liu, Akira Fujishima, and Osamu Sato

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2295 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1793334 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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We report a bidirectional reversible light-induced excited spin state trapping (LIESST) effect featuring an associated memorey effect in an Fe(II) spin-crossover complex [FeL(CN)2]⋅H2O (where L is a Schiff-base macrocyclic ligand). Depending on the illumination history, bidirectional LIESST processes have been successfully observed that are induced by irradiation with the same two wavelengths. A large zero-point energy difference, strong overlapping spectra of the high-spin and low-spin bands and image internal pressure could account for this photomagnetic phenomenon.
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75.30.Wx Spin crossover
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
75.40.Gb Dynamic properties (dynamic susceptibility, spin waves, spin diffusion, dynamic scaling, etc.)

Effects of orientation transition on exchange anisotropy of Co∕NiMn films by biorientation epitaxial Cu∕Au∕Cu underlayers

Chih-Huang Lai, Yung-Hung Wang, and R. T. Huang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2298 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1793345 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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A biorientation structure of Co∕NiMn films, composed of columnar (001) and (111) epitaxial grains, was developed by using Cu∕Au∕Cu underlayers on Si substrates. When the Au layer is thinner than 7.5 math, Co∕NiMn films are epitaxial (001) and show exchange fields of 50 Oe for 150 math Co. When the Au layer is thicker than 7.5 math, parts of the Co∕NiMn films change to the (111) orientation, and the (111) volume fraction increases with increasing Au thickness. The exchange field of Co∕NiMn can be manipulated by altering the relative amount of epitaxial (001) and (111) grains and the exchange field reaches 150 Oe, an enhancement of 300%, by altering the orientation from (001) to (111). The formation of (111) grains in the biorientation films may decrease (001) crystallite diameter or introduce multidomains in the NiMn films, which plausibly increase uncompensated spins or frustrated spins in NiMn films, leading to the increase in the exchange fields.
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75.50.Cc Other ferromagnetic metals and alloys
75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics
68.65.Ac Multilayers
75.70.Cn Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions
75.70.Kw Domain structure (including magnetic bubbles and vortices)
75.25.-j Spin arrangements in magnetically ordered materials (including neutron and spin-polarized electron studies, synchrotron-source x-ray scattering, etc.)

Modulation derived satellite peaks in x-ray reciprocal mapping on bismuth cuprate superconductor film

Satoru Kaneko, Yoshitada Shimizu, Kensuke Akiyama, Takeshi Ito, Masahiko Mitsuhashi, Seishiro Ohya, Keisuke Saito, Hiroshi Funakubo, and Mamoru Yoshimoto

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2301 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1794376 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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X-ray reciprocal space mapping (XRSM) was employed to investigate epitaxial Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox(Bi-2212) film. Ordinal cross section XRSM (ω-2θ) and plan view XRSM (ω-ψ) clearly indicated asymmetric intensity distribution of four satellite peaks caused by supercell structure of Bi-2212 film. Modulation vector estimated by XRSM was q=0.2b*+0.9c*. The XRSM image simulated by sawtooth wave vector showed good agreement with asymmetric satellite peaks observed on epitaxial film.
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74.78.-w Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures
74.72.-h Cuprate superconductors
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology

Enhancement in ordering of FePt films by magnetic field annealing

H. Y. Wang, X. K. Ma, Y. J. He, S. Mitani, and M. Motokawa

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2304 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1794380 (3 pages) | Cited 16 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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Effect of magnetic field annealing on chemical ordering of FePt films has been investigated. It is found that the ordering rate in FePt films is enhanced by applying a magnetic field during postdeposition annealing. Measurements of the structure and magnetic properties of FePt films reveal that the disorder–order transformation starts at or below 450°C when the film is annealed in a magnetic field of 40 kOe. The possible reason for the enhancement in the ordering of FePt films by magnetic field annealing is discussed.
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75.50.Bb Fe and its alloys
75.50.Vv High coercivity materials
81.30.Hd Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder
64.70.K- Solid-solid transitions
75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
75.60.Nt Magnetic annealing and temperature-hysteresis effects
75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including classical and quantum magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)

Vortex magnetic field sensor based on ring-type magnetoelectric laminate

Shuxiang Dong, Jie-Fang Li, and D. Viehland

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2307 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1791732 (3 pages) | Cited 52 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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It has been found that ring-type magnetoelectric laminate composites of circumferentially magnetized magnetostrictive TERFENOL-D and a circumferentially poled piezoelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 have high sensitivity to a vortex magnetic field. At room temperature, an induced output voltage from this ring laminate exhibited a near-linear response to an alternating current (ac) vortex magnetic field Hac over a wide magnetic field range of 10−9<Hac<10−3 T at frequencies between sub-Hz and kHz.
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07.07.Df Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing
77.55.-g Dielectric thin films
75.80.+q Magnetomechanical effects, magnetostriction

Uncompensated spins in a micro-patterned CoFeB/MnIr exchange bias system

T. Eimüller, T. Kato, T. Mizuno, S. Tsunashima, C. Quitmann, T. Ramsvik, S. Iwata, and G. Schütz

Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2310 (2004); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1794851 (3 pages) | Cited 23 times

Online Publication Date: 24 September 2004

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The element specific domain configuration of a microstructured Co86Fe10B4∕Mn77Ir23∕Ni80Fe20∕Si3N4 exchange bias film was studied by photoemission electron microscopy using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. In the dots the magnetization shows less preferred orientation along the exchange bias direction than in unstructured areas. Uncompensated Mn spins at the CoFeB/MnIr interface with an antiferromagnetic coupling between the Mn and the Co magnetic moments could be studied by imaging and spectromicroscopy.
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75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics
75.50.Bb Fe and its alloys
68.65.Ac Multilayers
75.25.-j Spin arrangements in magnetically ordered materials (including neutron and spin-polarized electron studies, synchrotron-source x-ray scattering, etc.)
75.70.Kw Domain structure (including magnetic bubbles and vortices)
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
78.20.Ls Magneto-optical effects
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions
75.70.Cn Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)
68.37.Xy Scanning Auger microscopy, photoelectron microscopy
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