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7 Mar 2005

Volume 86, Issue 10, Articles (10xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 103102 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1875734 (3 pages)

Tadashi Kawazoe, Kiyoshi Kobayashi, and Motoichi Ohtsu
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In vitro stimulation of neurons by a planar Ti–Au-electrode interface

A. Reiher, S. Günther, A. Krtschil, H. Witte, A. Krost, T. Opitz, A. de Lima, and T. Voigt

Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 103901 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1879109 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 1 March 2005

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We report on the realization of a planar large area electrode interface which reproducibly allows the global excitation of neurons and the generation of stimulated network activity. The interface is formed by two double finger-shaped Ti–Au-electrodes without any isolating coating deposited by electron beam evaporation on microscope cover slips. Dissociated nerve cells from embryonic rat cerebral cortex were cultured on these electrodes forming electrophysiologically active networks within seven days of culture. These networks were electrically excited by application of voltage pulses, resulting either in an activity of single neurons or in a stimulated synchronous network activity in dependence on the pulse parameters. The impact of these parameters, such as the number of pulses, the pulse amplitude and the delay between distinct pulse events, on the stimulation success was systematically investigated. We found threshold values for the voltage pulse amplitude of 1.8–2.2 V and for the voltage pulse duration of 1 ms to reproducibly obtain stimulation success with our system. These results are repeated for differently aged cell cultures and at different sections of the whole network. The stimulation procedure does not significantly damage the nerve cells.
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87.17.-d Cell processes
87.18.Sn Neural networks and synaptic communication
87.50.C- Static and low-frequency electric and magnetic fields effects

Dynamically focused optical coherence tomography for endoscopic applications

Asheesh Divetia, Tsung-Hsi Hsieh, Jun Zhang, Zhongping Chen, Mark Bachman, and Guann-Pyng Li

Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 103902 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1879096 (3 pages) | Cited 22 times

Online Publication Date: 3 March 2005

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We report a demonstration of a small liquid-filled polymer lens that may be used to dynamically provide scanning depth focus for endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) applications. The focal depth of the lens is controlled by changing the hydraulic pressure within the lens, enabling dynamic focal depth control without the need for articulated parts. The 1 mm diameter lens is shown to have resolving power of 5 μm, and can enable depth scans of 2.5 mm, making it suitable for use with OCT-enabled optical biopsy applications.
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42.79.Bh Lenses, prisms and mirrors
87.63.L- Visual imaging
42.30.Wb Image reconstruction; tomography

Complementary response of In2O3 nanowires and carbon nanotubes to low-density lipoprotein chemical gating

Tao Tang, Xiaolei Liu, Chao Li, Bo Lei, Daihua Zhang, Mahsa Rouhanizadeh, Tzung Hsiai, and Chongwu Zhou

Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 103903 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1881783 (3 pages) | Cited 14 times

Online Publication Date: 4 March 2005

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In2O3 nanowire and carbon nanotube transistors were used to study the chemical gating effect of low-density lipoproteins (LDL). The adsorption of LDL on these two different surfaces was investigated, which revealed a tenfold more LDL particle adsorption on carbon nanotubes than on In2O3 nanowires because of hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions. The conductance of field-effect transistors based on nanowires and nanotubes showed complementary response after the adsorption of LDL: while In2O3 nanowire transistors exhibited higher conductance accompanied by a negative shift of the threshold voltage, the nanotube transistors showed lower conductance after the exposure. This is attributed to the complementary doping type of In2O3 nanowires (n type) and carbon nanotubes (p type).
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87.80.-y Biophysical techniques (research methods)
85.30.Tv Field effect devices
85.35.Kt Nanotube devices
87.15.K- Molecular interactions; membrane-protein interactions
87.14.E- Proteins
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