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21 Mar 2005

Volume 86, Issue 12, Articles (12xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 123102 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1885187 (3 pages)

Jong H. Na, Robert A. Taylor, James H. Rice, James W. Robinson, Kwan H. Lee, Young S. Park, Chang M. Park, and Tae W. Kang
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Fabrication of microvessels and microlenses from polymers by solvent droplets

Elmar Bonaccurso, Hans-Jürgen Butt, Benjamin Hankeln, Brigitte Niesenhaus, and Karlheinz Graf

Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 124101 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1886263 (3 pages) | Cited 29 times

Online Publication Date: 14 March 2005

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A process for the fabrication of microvessels and microlenses in polymers is presented. A drop of solvent (diameter between 15 and 150 μm) is deposited by an ink-jet method onto a flat polymer substrate. After evaporation of the solvent a lenticular cavity of dimensions comparable to the former drop size is created. This cavity can be employed as a microreaction vessel, as a concave lens, or as a template for a convex lens. Diameter, depth, position, and arrangement of the microvessels on the surface can be controlled.
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42.79.Bh Lenses, prisms and mirrors
42.82.Cr Fabrication techniques; lithography, pattern transfer

Observation of negative refraction and negative phase velocity in left-handed metamaterials

Koray Aydin, Kaan Guven, Costas M. Soukoulis, and Ekmel Ozbay

Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 124102 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1888051 (3 pages) | Cited 30 times

Online Publication Date: 14 March 2005

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We report the transmission characteristics of a two-dimensional (2D) composite metamaterial (CMM) structure in free space. At the frequencies where left-handed transmission takes place, we experimentally confirmed that the CMM structure has effective negative refractive index. Phase shift between consecutive numbers of layers of CMM is measured and phase velocity is shown to be negative at the relevant frequency range. Refractive index values obtained from the refraction experiments and the phase measurements are in good agreement.
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42.70.-a Optical materials
78.67.Pt Multilayers; superlattices; photonic structures; metamaterials
78.20.Ci Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity)

Levitation using microwave-induced plasmas

R. J. Exton, S. Popovic, G. C. Herring, and M. Cooper

Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 124103 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1887837 (2 pages)

Online Publication Date: 16 March 2005

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The levitation of objects above a microwave horn is demonstrated. High-power microwave pulses generate a low-temperature, diffuse plasma on the surface of the horn window. The thermal effect of the surface plasma brings about a localized increase in the pressure and results in a vertical flow of air, thus levitating the object.
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52.50.Sw Plasma heating by microwaves; ECR, LH, collisional heating
52.25.-b Plasma properties

Experimental verification of cumulative growth effect of second harmonics of Lamb wave propagation in an elastic plate

Mingxi Deng, Ping Wang, and Xiafu Lv

Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 124104 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1891295 (3 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 17 March 2005

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Wedge transducers are used to generate and detect the primary (fundamental) waves and second harmonics of Lamb wave propagation on the surface of an elastic plate. The amplitudes of the primary waves and the second harmonics on the plate surface are measured for different separations of the transmitting and receiving wedge transducers. In the immediate vicinity of a driving frequency at which the primary and the double-frequency Lamb waves have the same phase velocities, the quantitative relationships of the second-harmonic amplitudes on propagation distance are analyzed. It is experimentally verified that the second harmonics of primary Lamb waves have a cumulative growth effect with propagation distance.
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Computed tomographic reconstruction based on x-ray refraction contrast

Anton Maksimenko, Masami Ando, Sugiyama Hiroshi, and Tetsuya Yuasa

Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 124105 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1891305 (3 pages) | Cited 28 times

Online Publication Date: 17 March 2005

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Computed tomographic (CT) reconstruction technique is widely used in many fields of research. Commonly the CT-reconstruction is based on the x-ray absorption contrast. However, recently, methods for generating other x-ray contrasts have been developed. One of them is the refraction contrast which provides information on the deflection of the x-ray beam when penetrating through the object. This contrast has certain advantages and allows us to observe details invisible in the absorption images. Thus, CT based on the refraction contrast must have the same advantages. However, it requires a new mathematical algorithm and software. This letter is dedicated to the solution of the problem including theoretical consideration on the mathematical model which is the basis for the computer modeling and experimental realization of the technique. Actual experimental results together with the reconstructed images are presented and described.
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07.85.-m X- and γ-ray instruments
42.30.Wb Image reconstruction; tomography
07.05.Pj Image processing
41.50.+h X-ray beams and x-ray optics
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