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5 Sep 2005

Volume 87, Issue 10, Articles (10xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 101107 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2039987 (3 pages)

A. David, C. Meier, R. Sharma, F. S. Diana, S. P. DenBaars, E. Hu, S. Nakamura, C. Weisbuch, and H. Benisty
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Mode-selecting acoustic filter by using resonant tunneling of two-dimensional double phononic crystals

Chunyin Qiu, Zhengyou Liu, Jun Mei, and Jing Shi

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 104101 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2037853 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 29 August 2005

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In this letter, we investigated the resonant tunneling of elastic waves through double phononic potential barriers formed by two slabs of two-dimensional phononic crystals consisting of pure solid components. It is found that the resonant tunneling longitudinal waves can be distinguished easily from the resonant tunneling transverse waves. Thus, such double-barrier structures can be served as a mode-selecting acoustic filter, used to pick out the single longitudinal wave component or transverse wave component at a certain frequency.
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43.40.Sk
63.20.-e Phonons in crystal lattices
62.30.+d Mechanical and elastic waves; vibrations

Open-circuit voltage quantum efficiency technique for defect spectroscopy in semiconductors

Helmut Mäckel and Andrés Cuevas

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 104102 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2039992 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 30 August 2005

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The temperature-dependent quantum efficiency of the open-circuit voltage is introduced for defect characterization in semiconductors. This technique measures the spectral response of the open-circuit voltage of a diode at different temperatures. The diffusion length is extracted from the spectral photovoltage and converted into carrier lifetime. This results in temperature-dependent lifetime curves that can be analyzed with the Shockley–Read–Hall model. The method allows defect analysis to be performed as soon as a junction is formed in the device and is also applicable to solar cells and Schottky diodes. The determination of the lifetime via the spectral response avoids trapping effects that commonly hamper other lifetime spectroscopy techniques. Examples of the application of the technique are given, showing good agreement with the temperature-dependent quantum efficiency of the short-circuit current. The results are consistent with temperature-dependent lifetime spectroscopy reported in the literature.
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71.55.-i Impurity and defect levels
72.20.Jv Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, and trapping
72.40.+w Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects
85.30.Kk Junction diodes

Experimental determination of electronic stopping for ions in silicon dioxide

Y. Zhang, W. J. Weber, D. E. McCready, D. A. Grove, J. Jensen, and G. Possnert

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 104103 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2041828 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 30 August 2005

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The electronic energy loss for math, math, math, math, math, math, and math ions in self-supporting silicon dioxide foils has been measured over a continuous range of energies. The measured He stopping powers are in good agreement with the SRIM-2003 (Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) prediction. In the case of Li and C ions, the measured stopping powers exhibit some deviation from the SRIM-2003 predictions only around the Bragg peak; however, for Be, O, F, and Si ions, the measure stopping powers exhibit up to 10% deviation from the SRIM-2003 predictions over the entire energy range. The results indicate that the modified Bohr formula is suitable for scaling the stopping number for C and heavier ions in the classical interaction regime.
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61.85.+p Channeling phenomena (blocking, energy loss, etc.)

Electrostatically actuated polymer microresonators

G. Zhang, J. Gaspar, V. Chu, and J. P. Conde

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 104104 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2040009 (3 pages) | Cited 9 times

Online Publication Date: 31 August 2005

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Microresonators with a conductive polymer blend as the structural layer are fabricated using surface micromachining on glass substrates. A fabrication process using an aluminum sacrificial layer is developed that allows the preservation of the electrical conductivity of the polymer structural layer. The electromechanical properties of the all-polymer microbridges at high frequency are studied using electrostatic actuation and optical detection. The resonance frequency of the polymer bridges is in the MHz range and is affected by the tensile stress present in the structure. The Young’s modulus of the polymer structural material and the stress of the bridge are 3 GPa and 6 MPa, respectively. Quality factors are of the order of 100 in vacuum, decreasing with the measurement pressure for values above 1 Torr due to air damping.
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07.10.Cm Micromechanical devices and systems
85.85.+j Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and devices

Experimental evidence of backward waves on terahertz left-handed transmission lines

T. Crépin, J. F. Lampin, T. Decoopman, X. Mélique, L. Desplanque, and D. Lippens

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 104105 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2041819 (3 pages) | Cited 13 times

Online Publication Date: 1 September 2005

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Left-handed transmission lines have been characterized by electro-optic sampling. The transmission lines used a coplanar strip technology periodically loaded by series capacitances and shunt inductances printed by electron-beam lithography onto a low-κ substrate. The experiments by optoelectronic sampling were conducted using low-temperature-grown GaAs and AlGaAs patches for probing the time-domain transmission properties. The devices exhibit a high-frequency response above 100 and up to 400 GHz which shows direct evidence of a backward propagation by tracking the time dependence of transmitted signals and phase analysis.
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42.70.-a Optical materials
42.79.Gn Optical waveguides and couplers

Parallel-field electrorheological clutch: Enhanced high shear rate performance

Liyu Liu, Xixiang Huang, Cai Shen, Zhengyou Liu, Jing Shi, Weijia Wen, and Ping Sheng

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 104106 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2042535 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 2 September 2005

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We present an electrorheological (ER) fluid cylindrical clutch which achieves stable shear stress at high shear rate, and demonstrates superior performance compared with the traditional ER clutches. The design is realized by employing alternate-stripe electrodes on the inner cylinder, with either dielectric or metallic outer rotor. The alternate stripe electrodes generate electric fields with a component parallel to the shearing direction, so that ER particles can form chain structures parallel to shear and thereby bring significant enhanced device performance at a high shear rate. Differences due to the use of dielectric or metallic outer rotor are shown to be compatible with expectations based on simulated electric-field patterns.
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83.80.Gv Electro- and magnetorheological fluids
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