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12 Sep 2005

Volume 87, Issue 11, Articles (11xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 113902 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2045549 (3 pages)

M. Laroussi and X. Lu
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Current instability and plasma waves generation in ungated two-dimensional electron layers

Michel Dyakonov and Michael S. Shur

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 111501 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2042547 (3 pages) | Cited 27 times

Online Publication Date: 9 September 2005

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We predict instability of the steady state with a direct current for an ungated two-dimensional (2D) electron layer. This instability caused by the current flow is similar to the “shallow water” instability in the gated 2D electron gas [see M. Dyakonov and M. S. Shur, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 2465 (1993) ]. The mathematics of the problem correspond to “deep water” solutions for plasma waves. Just like in the “shallow water” case, this instability occurs when the boundary conditions correspond to zero ac voltage at the source and zero ac current at the drain. Such boundary conditions can be realized using either an external circuit or a depleted region at the drain. For the same device dimensions and electron mobility, the plasma wave generated in an ungated 2D device has a much higher frequency and, as a consequence, a much higher resonance quality factor, which makes the ungated devices promising for applications in resonant terahertz detectors.
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72.30.+q High-frequency effects; plasma effects
73.63.-b Electronic transport in nanoscale materials and structures
73.21.-b Electron states and collective excitations in multilayers, quantum wells, mesoscopic, and nanoscale systems
72.20.Fr Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance

Approach to optimize conversion efficiency of discharge-pumped plasma extreme ultraviolet sources

Majid Masnavi, Mitsuo Nakajima, Akira Sasaki, Eiki Hotta, and Kazuhiko Horioka

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 111502 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2048824 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 9 September 2005

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The possibility of enhancing the conversion efficiency of a capillary-discharged xenon plasma via a current step is theoretically demonstrated using a simplified model. The current step is shown to exert a significant effect on the plasma dynamics in capillary discharge extreme ultraviolet sources. In particular, the pinching phase can be maintained at a quasi-steady-state by the current control, which prolongs the emission period of radiating plasma.
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52.25.Os Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation
52.80.-s Electric discharges
52.30.Cv Magnetohydrodynamics (including electron magnetohydrodynamics)
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