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1 Aug 2005

Volume 87, Issue 5, Articles (05xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 054101 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2006209 (3 pages)

Xiuqin Chen, S. Yang, M Hasegawa, K. Kawabe, and S. Motojima
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THz parallel plate photonic waveguides

Adam Bingham, Yuguang Zhao, and D. Grischkowsky

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 051101 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1997273 (3 pages) | Cited 28 times

Online Publication Date: 26 July 2005

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We have observed narrowband transmission or rejection in the frequency spectra of THz pulses transmitted through air-spaced parallel plate photonic waveguides. These waveguides have one of the metal plates covered by a silicon plate with a metallic photonic band gap (PBG) surface precisely fabricated by lithographic techniques. We use two different PBG surface types: an array of metallic cylindrical pillars, and an array of metallic cylindrical holes. With the inversion of the PBG structures from cylinders to holes, the output spectra changes from narrow bandpass to narrow band-reject filtering. These photonic waveguides show extremely sharp spectral responses in regions as large as 1 THz, with stop bands or transmission bands having contrasts of as much as 90 dB.
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84.40.Az Waveguides, transmission lines, striplines
42.70.Qs Photonic bandgap materials

Enhancement of third-harmonic generation in a polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal grating

Przemyslaw P. Markowicz, Vincent K. S. Hsiao, Hanifi Tiryaki, Alexander N. Cartwright, Paras N. Prasad, Ksenia Dolgaleva, Nick N. Lepeshkin, and Robert W. Boyd

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 051102 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1999849 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 27 July 2005

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We report the observation of significant enhancement of one-step third-harmonic generation in a one-dimensional photonic crystal pumped by a near-infrared laser beam tuned to the low-frequency edge of the first photonic band gap. The third-harmonic phase matching can be controlled by changing the angle of incidence of the fundamental radiation, allowing tunability of the third-harmonic wavelength. The observed phenomenon was modeled theoretically using the transfer-matrix method. The enhancement is attributed to the combined action of phase-matching between the pump and harmonic waves and pump-field localization within the photonic crystal.
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42.65.Ky Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation
42.70.Df Liquid crystals
61.30.Vx Polymer liquid crystals
42.79.Dj Gratings
42.70.Jk Polymers and organics
42.70.Qs Photonic bandgap materials

Short wavelength intersubband emission from InAs/AlSb quantum cascade structures

D. Barate, R. Teissier, Y. Wang, and A. N. Baranov

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 051103 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2007854 (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

Online Publication Date: 28 July 2005

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The InAs/AlSb material system is a promising candidate for the development of short wavelength quantum cascade lasers because of the large conduction band offset of 2.1 eV. In this letter, we present a study of room temperature electroluminescence of InAs/AlSb quantum cascade structures as a function of the emission wavelength. Intersubband emission with a transition energy of 500 meV (λ = 2.5 μm) has been obtained.
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78.67.De Quantum wells
78.60.Fi Electroluminescence
73.21.Fg Quantum wells

Identification of longitudinal optical modes by hyper-Raman scattering in noncentrosymmetric ceramics

Holger Hellwig

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 051104 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2009824 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 28 July 2005

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Hyper-Raman scattering has been applied to ceramic samples of noncentrosymmetric lead zirconate titanate (PZT5H). The intense second-harmonic signal was blocked by using a holographic notch filter. Based on comparison with conventional Raman spectra taken under the same conditions, LO mode frequencies could be derived directly from the hyper-Raman spectra. The assignment of LO mode frequencies based on hyper-Raman spectra provides the possibility to measure LO-TO splitting in noncentrosymmetric ceramics, for which conventional Raman measurements alone provide only limited information.
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77.84.Ek Niobates and tantalates
77.84.Cg PZT ceramics and other titanates
78.30.Hv Other nonmetallic inorganics
77.80.-e Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
42.65.Ky Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation

Electrical control of polariton coupling in intersubband microcavities

Aji A. Anappara, Alessandro Tredicucci, Giorgio Biasiol, and Lucia Sorba

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 051105 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2006976 (3 pages) | Cited 27 times

Online Publication Date: 28 July 2005

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We demonstrate the external control of the coupling between the intersubband transition and the photonic mode of a GaAs/AlGaAs microcavity with multiple quantum wells embedded. By electrical gating, the charge density in the wells can be lowered, thereby quenching the intersubband polaritons and reverting the system to uncoupled excitations. The angle-dependent reflectance measurements are in good agreement with theoretical calculations performed in the transfer matrix formalism. The experiment shows the prospects offered by intersubband microcavities through manipulation of the system ground state.
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71.36.+c Polaritons (including photon-phonon and photon-magnon interactions)
73.21.Fg Quantum wells
78.67.De Quantum wells

Optical vibration sensor fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining

Masanao Kamata, Minoru Obara, Rafael R. Gattass, Loren R. Cerami, and Eric Mazur

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 051106 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2008362 (3 pages) | Cited 17 times

Online Publication Date: 29 July 2005

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We fabricated an optical vibration sensor using a high-repetition rate femtosecond laser oscillator. The sensor consists of a single straight waveguide written across a series of three pieces of glass. The central piece is mounted on a suspended beam to make it sensitive to mechanical vibration, acceleration, or external forces. Displacement of the central piece is detected by measuring the change in optical transmission through the waveguide. The resulting sensor is small, simple, and requires no alignment. The sensor has a linear response over the frequency range 20 Hz–2 kHz, can detect accelerations as small as 0.01 m/s2, and is nearly temperature independent.
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07.07.Df Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing
07.10.-h Mechanical instruments and equipment
42.86.+b Optical workshop techniques
42.62.-b Laser applications
06.30.Gv Velocity, acceleration, and rotation
42.65.Re Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression

Vertically oriented GaN-based air-gap distributed Bragg reflector structure fabricated using band-gap-selective photoelectrochemical etching

R. Sharma, E. D. Haberer, C. Meier, E. L. Hu, and S. Nakamura

Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 051107 (2005); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2008380 (3 pages) | Cited 23 times

Online Publication Date: 29 July 2005

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A three-period vertically oriented GaN-based air-gap distributed Bragg reflector structure was fabricated using band-gap-selective photoelectrochemical (PEC) etching. The epitaxial structure consisted of an Al0.08Ga0.92N/(In0.04Ga0.96N/In0.07Ga0.93N) superlattice structure, wherein the InGaN layers served as sacrificial layers during PEC etching. Microreflectance measurements yielded an average enhancement in the reflected signal of ∼ 12-fold over the wavelength range of 550–650 nm, when compared with the signal from a dry-etched GaN surface.
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42.82.Gw Other integrated-optical elements and systems
42.82.Cr Fabrication techniques; lithography, pattern transfer
42.79.Bh Lenses, prisms and mirrors
81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning
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