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6 Feb 2006

Volume 88, Issue 6, Articles (06xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 063509 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2171834 (3 pages)

M. Feng, N. Holonyak, R. Chan, A. James, and G. Walter
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Demonstration of a radiation resistant, high efficiency SiC betavoltaic

C. J. Eiting, V. Krishnamoorthy, S. Rodgers, T. George, J. David Robertson, and John Brockman

Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 064101 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2172411 (3 pages) | Cited 16 times

Online Publication Date: 7 February 2006

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A SiC p-i-n junction betavoltaic was fabricated, and electrical power output under irradiation from an 8.5 GBq math source was monitored over a period of four half-lives of the radioisotope. The open-circuit voltage (VOC) of the device was 2.04±0.02 V, and the peak power (Pout) was 0.58±0.02 μW (2.1±0.2 μW/cm2) at 1.60 V. The conversion efficiency (ηconv) was 4.5%±0.3% and the normalized power output indicates no device degradation over more than 3 months (four half-lives of the source).
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84.60.Rb Thermoelectric, electrogasdynamic and other direct energy conversion
85.30.-z Semiconductor devices

Employing ambipolar oligofluorene as the charge-generation layer in time-of-flight mobility measurements of organic thin films

Wen-Yi Hung, Tung-Huei Ke, Yu-Ting Lin, Chung-Chih Wu, Tsung-Hsi Hung, Teng-Chih Chao, Ken-Tsung Wong, and Chih-I Wu

Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 064102 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2172708 (3 pages) | Cited 38 times

Online Publication Date: 9 February 2006

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Strong absorption of oligofluorenes at wavelengths of a few commonly used nanosecond pulsed lasers, their bipolar transport characteristics, and high mobilities for both holes and electrons make them useful as the general and effective charge-generation material for the time-of-flight mobility measurement of organic materials. In this letter, we demonstrate the use of the terfluorene as the charge-generation material for measuring hole and electron mobilities of various organic materials. Such a scheme has the advantages of simplifying the instrumentation and reducing material consumption in the measurements.
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73.61.Ph Polymers; organic compounds

Multiple separation of self-running drops by pinching a three-phase contact line

Gary C. H. Mo and Daniel Y. Kwok

Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 064103 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2168490 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 10 February 2006

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We produced multiple minute self-running drops from an original drop without external input power by pinching a three-phase contact line. By branching into surface energy barriers, the drop is forced to separate while translating on a flat surface. A symmetry in the drop front wetted perimeter conduces to equal division of the drop. Our experiments suggest that at least seven divisions (128 drops) can be conducted sequentially to give equal final volumes of approximately 4 nl. A division of carrier liquid volume by 1/27 is expected to enable multiple analysis on many separate stations. This is the only drop separation method at present that does not require external power input.
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47.55.D- Drops and bubbles
68.03.Cd Surface tension and related phenomena
47.61.-k Micro- and nano- scale flow phenomena

Efficient light harvesting in multiple-device stacked structure for polymer solar cells

Vishal Shrotriya, Elbert Hsing-En Wu, Gang Li, Yan Yao, and Yang Yang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 064104 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2172741 (3 pages) | Cited 84 times

Online Publication Date: 10 February 2006

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We demonstrate a multiple-device stacked structure of polymer solar cells for efficient light harvesting. Two polymer photovoltaic cells are stacked together and connected in series or in parallel to achieve a tandem structure. In this two-cell structure, a multilayer semitransparent electrode, made of lithium fluoride (LiF)/aluminum (Al)/gold (Au), is used as the top contact in the bottom cell to efficiently transmit the unabsorbed photons to the upper cell. Maximum transparency of up to 80% is achieved for the semitransparent cathode. Upon stacking, the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current are almost doubled compared to a single cell.
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84.60.Jt Photoelectric conversion
85.60.-q Optoelectronic devices
78.20.Ci Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity)
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