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25 Sep 2006

Volume 89, Issue 13, Articles (13xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 131108 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2356892 (3 pages)

Paul E. Barclay, Kartik Srinivasan, Oskar Painter, Benjamin Lev, and Hideo Mabuchi
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Stretching of long DNA molecules in the microvortex induced by laser and ac electric field

Michihiko Nakano, Hirofumi Kurita, Jun Komatsu, Akira Mizuno, and Shinji Katsura

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 133901 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2357885 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 26 September 2006

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A microvortex is generated around an infrared laser focus where an intense ac electric field is applied. The authors used this optoelectrostatic microvortex for stretching individual long DNAs. When λ-or T4-phage DNA molecules were introduced into the optoelectrostatic microvortex, they were stretched around the laser focus. In addition, especially for longer T4 DNA molecules, it was possible to keep it in stretching form for more than 30 s. Using this method, length of DNA molecules can be measured without fixing to a substrate. This method can be applied to DNA molecules longer than about 10 μm.
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87.50.W- Optical/infrared radiation effects
87.50.C- Static and low-frequency electric and magnetic fields effects
87.14.G- Nucleic acids
47.32.-y Vortex dynamics; rotating fluids

Localization and cross section reconstruction of fluorescent targets in ex vivo breast tissue using independent component analysis

M. Alrubaiee, M. Xu, S. K. Gayen, and R. R. Alfano

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 133902 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2356024 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 27 September 2006

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An information theory based approach is introduced for the detection and three-dimensional localization of fluorescent targets embedded in a turbid medium. The approach uses multisource illumination of the medium, multidetector transillumination acquisition of fluorescence signal, independent component analysis for target detection and localization, and a back-projection algorithm for reconstruction of target cross section. The efficacy of the approach is demonstrated by locating and estimating the cross section of a fluorescent target embedded in a 100×100×26 mm3 ex vivo human breast tissue specimen and in a tissue-simulating turbid medium of thickness 50 times the transport mean free path.
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87.63.L- Visual imaging
87.57.N- Image analysis

Molecular-scale imaging of unstained deoxyribonucleic acid fibers by phase transmission electron microscopy

Yoshizo Takai, Tsunenori Nomaguchi, Shuhei Matsushita, and Yoshihide Kimura

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 133903 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2357564 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 28 September 2006

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The molecular structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fibers was observed by a phase reconstruction method called three-dimensional Fourier filtering using a 200 kV transmission electron microscope. The characteristic helical structure and the spacing of adjacent base pairs of DNA were partially resolved due to an improved signal-to-noise ratio and resolution enhancement by the phase reconstruction although the molecular structure was damaged by the electron beam irradiation. In the spherical aberration-free phase images, the arrangements of single atom-sized spots forming sinusoidal curves were sometimes observed, which seem to be the contrast originating in the sulfur atoms along the main chains.
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87.64.Ee Electron microscopy
87.15.B- Structure of biomolecules
87.14.G- Nucleic acids
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