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2 Oct 2006

Volume 89, Issue 14, Articles (14xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 142101 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2358202 (3 pages)

H. C. Lin, P. D. Ye, Y. Xuan, G. Lu, A. Facchetti, and T. J. Marks
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Microwave plasma-assisted premixed flame combustion

K. W. Hemawan, C. L. Romel, S. Zuo, I. S. Wichman, T. A. Grotjohn, and J. Asmussen

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 141501 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2358213 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 4 October 2006

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A compact microwave plasma/combustion torch has been operated at atmospheric pressure in both plasma-only and plasma-assisted premixed combustion modes. The torch burns CH4/O2 mixtures with plasma enhancement that modifies combustion, flame structure, flame size, and flame power density. The microwave energy also extends the fuel-lean burn limits.
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82.33.Vx Reactions in flames, combustion, and explosions
82.33.Xj Plasma reactions (including flowing afterglow and electric discharges)
52.80.Pi High-frequency and RF discharges

Charge state dependence of cathodic vacuum arc ion energy and velocity distributions

Johanna Rosén, Jochen M. Schneider, and André Anders

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 141502 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2361197 (3 pages) | Cited 7 times

Online Publication Date: 5 October 2006

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In the literature, conflicting conclusions are reported concerning the charge state dependence of cathodic arc ion energy and velocity distributions. It appears that data from electrostatic energy analyzers indicate charge state dependence of ion energy, whereas time-of-flight methods support charge state independence of ion velocity. Here the authors present charge-state-resolved ion energy distributions and calculate the corresponding ion velocity distributions in aluminum vacuum arc plasma. They show that the conflicting conclusions reported in the literature for the two different characterization techniques may originate from the commonly employed data interpretation of energy and velocity, in which peak values and average values are not carefully distinguished.
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52.80.Mg Arcs; sparks; lightning; atmospheric electricity
52.80.Vp Discharge in vacuum
52.50.Dg Plasma sources
52.25.Fi Transport properties
52.70.Ds Electric and magnetic measurements
52.70.Nc Particle measurements

Transport study of a single bismuth nanowire fabricated by the silver and silicon nanowire shadow masks

D. S. Choi, A. A. Balandin, M. S. Leung, G. W. Stupian, N. Presser, S. W. Chung, J. R. Heath, A. Khitun, and K. L. Wang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 141503 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2357847 (3 pages) | Cited 18 times

Online Publication Date: 6 October 2006

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The authors have carried out measurements of the electrical conductivity of single bismuth nanowires fabricated by the low energy electron beam lithography using the silver/silicon nanowire shadow masks. The examined nanowires had cross-sectional dimensions of 40×30 and 40×50 nm2. The chosen nanowire sizes had been slightly below the critical diameter D ( ∼ 50 nm) at which a semimetal to semiconductor phase transition was predicted to occur. The results reveal a semiconductorlike temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of a bismuth nanowire, which is strikingly different from that of the bulk bismuth.
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73.63.Nm Quantum wires
73.21.Hb Quantum wires
72.60.+g Mixed conductivity and conductivity transitions
72.15.Jf Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects
72.15.Eb Electrical and thermal conduction in crystalline metals and alloys
81.16.Nd Micro- and nanolithography
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