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24 Jul 2006

Volume 89, Issue 4, Articles (04xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 041105 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2234591 (3 pages)

Alireza Khalili, Hopil Bae, and James S. Harris
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Soft x-ray spectra from laser heated lithium targets

Petru-Edward Nica, Shuji Miyamoto, Sho Amano, Takahiro Inoue, Atsusi Shimoura, Kakyo Kaku, and Takayasu Mochizuki

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 041501 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2235956 (3 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 25 July 2006

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The extreme ultraviolet emission characteristics of laser-produced lithium plasma are experimentally and theoretically investigated. Taking into account the target oxidation, the ion fractional populations are analyzed and the averaged plasma parameters are obtained. Theoretical results show an insignificant influence of oxygen on the temperature dependence of the lithium ion fractional number. A comparison between the theoretical spectrum for stationary and homogenous plasma and experiments shows a reasonable agreement.
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52.70.La X-ray and γ-ray measurements
52.50.Jm Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)
52.25.Os Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation

Influence of electrode separation and gas curtain on extreme ultraviolet emission of a gas jet z-pinch source

S. R. Mohanty, T. Sakamoto, Y. Kobayashi, N. Izuka, N. Kishi, I. Song, M. Watanabe, T. Kawamura, A. Okino, K. Horioka, and E. Hotta

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 041502 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2240701 (3 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 28 July 2006

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Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission from a gas jet z-pinch source has been examined by employing a photodiode and pinhole camera. Visible images of the pinched plasma have been also recorded. A current pulse of 10 kA is used to heat the gas jet, which emits radiation around 13.5 nm. Experimental parameters such as electrode separation and gas flow rate are varied to optimize EUV emission. The maximum EUV energy is obtained for 12 mm electrode separation and 20 Torr xenon pressure and it is estimated to 10.95 mJ/sr per 2% bandwidth per pulse. The presence of gas curtain improves EUV emission by 30%.
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52.25.Os Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation
52.58.Lq Z-pinches, plasma focus, and other pinch devices
52.50.Dg Plasma sources
52.70.Kz Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements

Phase explosion in atmospheric pressure infrared laser ablation from water-rich targets

Zhaoyang Chen, Annemie Bogaerts, and Akos Vertes

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 041503 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2243961 (3 pages) | Cited 9 times

Online Publication Date: 28 July 2006

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A fluid dynamics model was developed for the ablation of water-rich targets by infrared laser pulses at atmospheric pressure. It incorporates the nonlinear absorption of water and the phase explosion due to superheating. The simulation results show that due to two different phase transition mechanisms, the first, slower plume expansion is followed by a vigorous accelerated expansion. The calculated time evolution of the shock front agrees well with the experimental observations. This model sheds new light on the effect of phase explosion on laser ablation dynamics, and it is relevant for the preparative, analytical, and medical applications.
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52.50.Lp Plasma production and heating by shock waves and compression
52.38.Mf Laser ablation
52.50.Jm Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)
52.35.Mw Nonlinear phenomena: waves, wave propagation, and other interactions (including parametric effects, mode coupling, ponderomotive effects, etc.)
52.25.Fi Transport properties
52.35.Tc Shock waves and discontinuities

Kink instability suppression and improved efficiency in magneto-plasma-dynamic thrusters

M. Zuin, R. Cavazzana, E. Martines, G. Serianni, V. Antoni, M. Andrenucci, F. Paganucci, P. Rossetti, and M. Signori

Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 041504 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2236220 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 28 July 2006

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Helical kink mode suppression in a magneto-plasma-dynamic thruster for space propulsion drives the plasma to a quasiquiescent state. As a result the power required to sustain the plasma current is largely reduced. Kink suppression has been obtained by interrupting the helical current components associated with the spontaneous distortion of the plasma column. This result, while confirming that power balance is largely influenced by plasma instabilities, makes, in principle, this kind of device a good choice for long-term space missions.
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52.35.Py Macroinstabilities (hydromagnetic, e.g., kink, fire-hose, mirror, ballooning, tearing, trapped-particle, flute, Rayleigh-Taylor, etc.)
52.30.Cv Magnetohydrodynamics (including electron magnetohydrodynamics)
52.75.Di Ion and plasma propulsion
52.25.Fi Transport properties
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