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9 Apr 2007

Volume 90, Issue 15, Articles (15xxxx)

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Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151106 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2722564 (3 pages)

P. Béjot, L. Bonacina, J. Extermann, M. Moret, J. P. Wolf, R. Ackermann, N. Lascoux, R. Salamé, E. Salmon, J. Kasparian, L. Bergé, S. Champeaux, C. Guet, N. Blanchot, O. Bonville, et al.
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Dependence of the electron beam parameters on the stability of laser propagation in a laser wakefield accelerator

N. M. Hafz, I. W. Choi, J. H. Sung, H. T. Kim, K.-H. Hong, T. M. Jeong, T. J. Yu, V. Kulagin, H. Suk, Y.-C. Noh, D.-K. Ko, and J. Lee

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151501 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2721119 (3 pages) | Cited 13 times

Online Publication Date: 9 April 2007

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Characteristics of electron beams produced by the laser wakefield acceleration are presented. The dependence of the electron beam parameters on the laser focal spot size is investigated. The experimental result shows the generation of quasimonoenergetic electron beam although the laser spot size was several times larger than the plasma wavelength. Stable electron beam generation at large laser spots was owing to the stable laser propagation in plasma channels. At a small laser spot, the beam quality is poor and this is attributed to the the filamentation instability of the laser beam.
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52.38.Kd Laser-plasma acceleration of electrons and ions
41.75.Jv Laser-driven acceleration
41.75.Fr Electron and positron beams

Extreme ultraviolet source using a forced recombination process in lithium plasma generated by a pulsed laser

Akihisa Nagano, Takahiro Inoue, Petru-Edward Nica, Sho Amano, Shuji Miyamoto, and Takayasu Mochizuki

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151502 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2719672 (3 pages) | Cited 14 times

Online Publication Date: 9 April 2007

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An extreme ultraviolet source having a tamper has been studied. This target scheme recombines forcedly lithium ions by low temperature electrons from the tamper, converting Li3+ rapidly to excited Li2+ which emit intense 1s-2p Lyman α emissions at 13.5 nm. A strong 13.5 nm emission appeared at 20–30 ns after the time of laser peak within a small space volume near the tamper. The authors obtained an enhancement of extreme ultraviolet conversion efficiency by a factor of about 2 with the tamper against that of a target without the tamper at the same laser irradiation condition.
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52.50.Jm Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)
42.72.Bj Visible and ultraviolet sources
42.65.Re Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression

Focusing of high-current laser-driven ion beams

J. Badziak and S. Jabłoński

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151503 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2721394 (3 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 12 April 2007

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Using a two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic code, it is shown that a dense high-current ion beam driven by a short-pulse laser can be effectively focused by curving the target front surface. The focused beam parameters essentially depend on the density gradient scale length of the preplasma Ln and the surface curvature radius RT. When Ln ⩽ 0.5λL (λL is the laser wavelength) and RT is comparable with the laser beam aperture dL, a significant fraction of the accelerated ions is focused on a spot much smaller than dL, which results in a considerable increase in the ion fluence and current density. Using high-contrast multipetawatt picosecond laser pulses of relativistic intensity ( ∼ 1020 W/cm2), focused ion (proton) current densities approaching those required for fast ignition of DT fuel seem to be feasible.
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52.38.Ph X-ray, γ-ray, and particle generation
52.38.Kd Laser-plasma acceleration of electrons and ions
52.40.Mj Particle beam interactions in plasmas
52.65.Kj Magnetohydrodynamic and fluid equation
52.25.Fi Transport properties

Explosive field emission and plasma expansion of carbon nanotube cathodes

Qingliang Liao, Yue Zhang, Yunhua Huang, Junjie Qi, Zhanjun Gao, Liansheng Xia, and Huang Zhang

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 151504 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2722227 (3 pages) | Cited 16 times

Online Publication Date: 12 April 2007

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High intensity electron emission cathodes based on carbon nanotube films have been successfully fabricated. An investigation of the explosive field emission properties of the carbon nanotube cathode in a double-pulse mode was presented and a high emission current density of 309 A/cm2 was obtained. The time-and-space resolution of the electron-beam flow from the cathode was investigated. The formation of the cathode plasma layer was proven and the plasma expanded at a velocity of ∼ 7.8 cm/μs toward the anode. The formation of cathode plasma has no preferential position and the local enhancement of electron beams is random.
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79.70.+q Field emission, ionization, evaporation, and desorption
61.80.Fe Electron and positron radiation effects
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