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14 May 2007

Volume 90, Issue 20, Articles (20xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 201101 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2739308 (3 pages)

Luca Sapienza, Angela Vasanelli, Cristiano Ciuti, Christophe Manquest, Carlo Sirtori, Raffaele Colombelli, and Ulf Gennser
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Ion irradiation effects on ionic liquids interfaced with rf discharge plasmas

K. Baba, T. Kaneko, and R. Hatakeyama

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 201501 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2739327 (3 pages) | Cited 26 times

Online Publication Date: 15 May 2007

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The availability of plasma ion irradiation toward a gas-liquid interface is investigated in a rf discharge system incorporating an ionic liquid. The introduction of the ionic liquid to the plasma causes the formation of a sheath electric field on the ionic liquid surface, resulting in the acceleration of the ions to the ionic liquid and the generation of secondary electrons from the ionic liquid by the ion irradiation. These effects are found to advance the discharge process and enhance the plasma production.
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52.80.Pi High-frequency and RF discharges
52.50.Dg Plasma sources
52.40.Kh Plasma sheaths
52.25.Os Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation
52.25.Tx Emission, absorption, and scattering of particles

Generation of cylindrically symmetric converging shock waves by underwater electrical explosion of wire array

A. Fedotov, A. Grinenko, S. Efimov, and Ya. E. Krasik

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 201502 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2740184 (3 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 15 May 2007

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It is shown that the originally corrugated shock wave generated in the process of an underwater electrical explosion of a cylindrical wire array is self-aligned into a cylindrically symmetric converging front. It was found that by increasing the number of the wires in the array this self-alignment process occurs faster. It is also demonstrated that in the case of a large wire number (>20), one-dimensional calculations can be successfully employed for theoretical analysis.
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43.28.Mw Shock and blast waves, sonic boom
47.40.Nm Shock wave interactions and shock effects
47.40.Rs Detonation waves
43.30.-k Underwater sound

Measured radial dependence of the peak sheath voltages present in very high frequency capacitive discharges

E. V. Barnat, P. A. Miller, G. A. Hebner, A. M. Paterson, Theodoros Panagopoulos, Edward Hammond, and J. Holland

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 201503 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2735934 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Online Publication Date: 16 May 2007

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The radial distribution of the measured voltage drop across a sheath formed between a 300 mm electrode and an argon plasma discharge is shown to depend on the excitation radio frequency, under constant power and pressure conditions. At a lower frequency of 13.56 MHz, the voltage drop across the sheath is uniform across the 300 mm electrode, while at higher frequencies of 60 and 162 MHz the voltage drop becomes radially nonuniform. The magnitude and spatial extent of the nonuniformity become greater with increasing frequency.
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52.40.Kh Plasma sheaths
52.80.Pi High-frequency and RF discharges
52.50.Dg Plasma sources
52.70.Kz Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements

OH(A 2Σ+) and rare gas-deuteride (NeD, ArD) excimers generated in microcavity plasmas: Ultraviolet emission spectra and formation kinetics

B. J. Ricconi, S.-J. Park, S. H. Sung, P. A. Tchertchian, and J. G. Eden

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 201504 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2731658 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 16 May 2007

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Emission in the ultraviolet from the A 2Σ+ electronic excited states of OH, NeD, and ArD, and the formation kinetics of these excited heteronuclear diatomics, have been investigated in microcavity plasmas generated in rare gas/H2O or D2 gas mixtures. Excitation transfer from the a 3Σu+(1u,0u−) Rydberg state of Ar2 appears to be the dominant pathway to OH(A 2Σ+) formation in Ar/H2O vapor mixtures with total pressures of 400–800 Torr and H2O partial pressures of 100 mTorr–3 Torr. Maximum emission on the (v′,v″) = (0,0) vibrational band of the OH(A→X) transition is observed in a 25 μm, 45 nl microcavity for 600–800 Torr Ar/0.5 Torr H2O mixtures. Comparisons of experimental and simulated fluorescence spectra show the OH[A 2Σ+(v′ = 0)] state rotational temperature to be 425 K for 600 Torr Ar/100 mTorr H2O mixtures but to rise linearly with the H2O partial pressure and exhibit a slope of 170 K/Torr H2O for 100 mTorr ⩽ pH2O ⩽ 3 Torr. Excitation of Ne or Ar/D2 gas mixtures in 50×50 arrays of Si microplasma devices generates broadband spectra, peaking in the mid-ultraviolet (λ ∼ 280–320 nm), which are attributed to the A→X transition of the ArD or NeD excimers. The optimal D2 concentration is observed to be ∼ 0.5% and the primary kinetic formation mechanism for the deuterides involves D atom transfer in collisions between Ar(4s 3P) and D2.
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33.50.Dq Fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra
33.15.Mt Rotation, vibration, and vibration-rotation constants
31.50.Df Potential energy surfaces for excited electronic states
82.20.-w Chemical kinetics and dynamics

Femtosecond laser stimulation of electrical discharges in submicron and nanoscale gaps

J. Chen, D. F. Farson, and S. I. Rokhlin

Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 201505 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2740480 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 17 May 2007

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Electrical characteristics of current-controlled discharges stimulated by femtosecond laser pulses in nanoscale gaps between sharpened metal tips and gold film substrates were studied. Pulse intensity of 5.6×1011 W/cm2 reliably triggered transient discharges in 500 nm gaps. For gaps shorter than a threshold value, discharge stimulation probability was high and independent of applied potentials. At lower laser intensity, the discharge stimulation probability was also lower and depended on applied potential. It is suggested that the laser stimulated microdischarge mechanism observed in these experiments is associated with asperity breakdown by femtosecond laser ablation and field emission, resulting in release of charge carriers.
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42.65.Re Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression
52.80.-s Electric discharges
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